以融资租赁推进农业机械装备发展的对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 16:29

本文关键词： 农业机械融资租赁农村信用　出处：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国经济飞速发展，取得了众多突出成就。农业经济领域同样发展迅速，农村的面貌焕然一新，其中农业机械化对农业、农村的发展起到了重要的推动作用。当前，我国农业机械化在取得众多成果的同时，也由于农村资金短缺等问题发展受到了一定的阻碍。本文旨在通过研究以融资租赁推动农业机械装备发展的方法及对策，为农业机械化过程中资金不足的问题提供一个可行的解决方案。融资租赁是一种融通资金的方式，由于无需提供担保，并且是在租赁物使用过程中边盈利边支付租金，所以非常适合农业机械领域。现代融资租赁业务最早起步于美国，现在已经发展成为仅次于银行信贷的世界第二大融资方式，在世界金融市场中扮演着非常重要的角色。由于融资租赁独特的优点，各国将其广泛的运用于各行各业，包括在农业领域，融资租赁有着突出的贡献。目前从我国的发展现状来看，农业机械融资租赁才刚刚起步，范围小，形式单一，相关的理论研究也非常少。本文通过广泛的研究国内外融资租赁业务和农业机械化的发展历程，结合我国农业实际，寻找在我国开展农业机械融资租赁业务的切入点，并对其可行性进行论证，结合具体案例分析其存在的具体问题，最终有针对性的提出对策和政策建议。通过系统的研究分析，本文认为融资租赁对农业机械化可以发挥巨大的推动作用。一方面，与贷款等一般融资行为相比，融资租赁无需提供担保，这就避免了农村普遍存在的担保难的问题。另一方面，融资租赁只需支付少量的首付款就可以获得农机具的使用权，相比较直接购买而言降低了固定资本投资的门槛。通过对农业机械融资租赁可行性的分析可以得出，在农业机械领域发展融资租赁业务是切实可行的，它符合农户、融资租赁公司、农业机械生产厂商等行为主体的经济利益要求，中国农村也具有发展融资租赁业务的政策法律环境。但是要在农业机械领域发展融资租赁业务也存在着很多需要解决的问题。首先，农村信用环境较差，不利于融资租赁业务的发展。金融机构少、资金不足、农户信用缺失等都是影响业务开展的负面因素。其次，我国农业生产以农户为单位，生产规模小，也不利于农业机械融资租赁的发展。同时，我国农业地区间差异较大，农业机械融资租赁将不能按照一个模式开展，地区间经验借鉴会因为差异性而遇到阻碍。本文针对以上这些问题提出了具体的应对策略。首先，从国外成功经验来看，政府的扶持是促进农业机械融资租赁业务发展的关键，通过减免税、补助等形式可以有效刺激业务发展。同时，可以通过将融资租赁业务与农机合作社、农机租赁公司结合的方式化零为整，实质上扩大了农机的使用规模，提高了农机的使用效率。还应当进一步完善农村信用体系建设，为农业机械融资租赁的发展创造一个良好的信用环境。针对地区间经济和农业发展的差异，各地区在业务开展过程中要因地制宜，，结合自身优势，充分利用所具有的资源，并且可以考虑鼓励经济实力较强的东部地区率先开展农业机械融资租赁的试点工作。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's rapid economic development, has made many outstanding achievements. The agricultural economy also develops rapidly, the rural landscape which take on an altogether new aspect of agricultural mechanization, agricultural and rural development has played an important role. At present, China's agricultural mechanization has made many achievements at the same time, also due to the development of the problem the shortage of funds in rural areas by some obstacles. This paper aims to study the financing lease promotion methods and Countermeasures of agricultural machinery and equipment development, provides a feasible solution for the financing of Agricultural Mechanization in the process of problem.
Financial leasing is a kind of financing way, because there is no guarantee, and is in the lease in the process of using edge edge profit to pay rent, so it is very suitable for the field of agricultural machinery. The modern financial leasing business started in the United States, has now become the world's second largest only after the bank credit financing, play a very an important role in the world financial market. Due to the financial leasing unique advantages, the countries will be widely applied in all walks of life, including in the field of agriculture, financial leasing has a prominent contribution. From the current development situation in our country, agricultural machinery financial leasing has just started, the scope of small, single form, the relevant theoretical research is also very few. This paper through extensive research at home and abroad financing leasing business and agricultural mechanization development, combined with China's actual agriculture, looking for agricultural in China The entry point of machinery finance leasing business is discussed, and its feasibility is demonstrated. Combined with specific cases, the specific problems are analyzed, and finally targeted countermeasures and policy recommendations are put forward.
Through systematic research and analysis, this paper points out that the financing lease can play a great role in promoting agricultural mechanization. On the one hand, compared with loans and other financing behavior, financing lease without guarantee, which avoids the widespread rural difficult problem of security. On the other hand, only pay a small amount of financing lease the first payment can obtain the right to use of agricultural machinery, compared to direct purchase for reducing the fixed capital investment threshold. Through the analysis of the agricultural machinery leasing feasibility can be drawn, in the field of agricultural machinery and the development of financial leasing business is feasible, it is in line with the farmers, financial leasing companies, agricultural machinery manufacturers and other actors the economic interests, China rural also has the policy and legal environment for the development of financial leasing business.
But to the development of financial leasing business in the field of agricultural machinery also exists many problems need to be solved. First of all, the rural poor credit environment, is not conducive to the development of the financing lease business. Financial institutions, lack of funds, lack of credit and other farmers are negative factors affecting the business. Secondly, China's agricultural production to farmers as a unit and the small scale of production, is not conducive to the development of agricultural machinery financial leasing. At the same time, the difference between China's large agricultural areas, agricultural machinery leasing will not in accordance with a mode of development, regional experience because of differences and obstacles. Aiming at these problems this paper puts forward some concrete countermeasures. First of all, from the the successful experience of foreign countries, government support is the key to promote the development of agricultural machinery financial leasing business, tax, and other forms of subsidies can effectively stimulate business development. At the same time, The financial leasing business and agricultural cooperatives, agricultural machinery leasing companies gather parts into a whole combination of substantive expansion of agricultural use scale, improve the efficiency of the use of agricultural machinery. It should further improve the construction of rural credit system, for the development of agricultural machinery financial leasing to create a good credit environment. Aiming at the differences between regions and economic the development of agriculture, the local area in the business development process, combined with their own advantages, make full use of resources, and can be considered to encourage strong economic strength of the eastern region to take the lead in carrying out the pilot work of agricultural machinery leasing.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.49;F323.3

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