中国商业银行是否存在暴利的理论与实证分析

发布时间：2018-03-21 14:52

本文选题：暴利　切入点：商业银行　出处：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近来,随着工农中建交五家大型商业银行2013年业绩报告的相继出炉,各大银行在去年都赚得盘满钵满,五家大型商业银行的净利润总额在2013年达到了8382.3亿元,利润增长率不断攀升。金融危机以来,我国商业银行盈利水平明显高于实体经济,呈现出明显的非市场性特征。近期围绕“银行暴利”的讨论不断升温。银行是国民经济的命脉,为整个经济发展和企业体制改革提供了大部分资金,其经营状况关系到整个金融体系的稳定与宏观经济的持续发展。而对我国商业银行是否为“暴利行业”的定性涉及社会经济政策调整发展大局和金融经济的稳定。特别是伴随着金融改革的逐步推进,商业银行将迎来重要的战略转型期。因此,厘清商业银行是否存在暴利现象和商业银行利润水平呈现非市场性特征的原因,对于整个银行业的转型和发展具有重要的指导意义。本文在梳理前人研究成果的基础上,首先对利润、垄断利润、超额利润和暴利等概念给出基本界定,认为银行在市场竞争中利用价格欺诈或市场垄断的手段获得高额利润的行为即为暴利行为。其次,本文对商业银行的盈利模式和利润水平影响因素进行较为详尽的基础理论分析,为之后实证模型的变量建立提供理论依据。再次,本文利用27家商业银行2007-2013年的平衡面板数据,从微观、行业和宏观三个层面的10个因素进行定量分析,从而了解导致我国商业银行利润水平非市场性的主要因素。最后,根据实证结果对我国商业银行是否存在暴利现象进行说明。数据结果表明:近年来我国商业银行利润较高的现象并非由市场结构呈现垄断现象导致,而是由于银行本身的资产规模大、资本充足存贷款依赖性强等自身原因导致的。此外,从宏观经济层面上看,大规模的基本建设投资贷款拉动信贷扩张投资也为商业银行的高额利润做出不小贡献,商业银行的利润水平表现出明显的顺周期特征。本文的最后提出了在金融改革不断推进的环境下,我国商业银行盈利模式转变的相关政策建议。
[Abstract]:Recently, with the publication of the 2013 performance reports of the five major commercial banks that established diplomatic ties between workers and peasants, all the major banks made a lot of money last year. The total net profit of the five large commercial banks reached eight hundred and thirty-eight billion two hundred and twenty-nine million nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand and nine hundred and ninety-nine yuan in 2013. Since the financial crisis, the profit level of commercial banks in China has been significantly higher than that of the real economy. The recent debate over "bank profits" has been heating up. Banks are the lifeblood of the national economy, providing most of the funds for the entire economic development and the reform of the enterprise system. Its operating condition is related to the stability of the whole financial system and the sustained development of the macro economy. The characterization of whether the commercial banks of our country are "profiteering industries" involves the overall situation of the adjustment of social economic policies, the overall situation of development and the stability of the financial economy. ... in particular, with the gradual progress of financial reform, Commercial banks will usher in an important strategic transition period. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the reasons for the existence of profiteering phenomenon in commercial banks and the non-market characteristics of commercial banks' profit levels. It has important guiding significance for the transformation and development of the whole banking industry. On the basis of combing the previous research results, this paper first gives a basic definition of the concepts of profit, monopoly profit, excess profit and windfall profit, etc. It is considered that the behavior of making high profits by the means of price fraud or market monopoly in the market competition is an act of windfall. This paper makes a detailed theoretical analysis of the profit model and the influencing factors of the profit level of commercial banks, which provides the theoretical basis for the variable establishment of the empirical model. Thirdly, this paper uses the balance panel data of 27 commercial banks from 2007 to 2013. From the micro, industry and macro three levels of 10 factors quantitative analysis, so as to understand the level of commercial banks in China's profit level of non-market factors. Finally, According to the empirical results, whether there is a phenomenon of windfall in commercial banks in China is explained. The results show that the phenomenon of high profits of commercial banks in China in recent years is not caused by the monopoly phenomenon in the market structure. They are caused by their own reasons, such as the size of their own assets and the dependence of capital on deposits and loans. In addition, from a macroeconomic point of view, Large-scale infrastructure investment loans have also contributed significantly to the high profits of commercial banks in terms of credit expansion and investment. The profit level of commercial banks shows an obvious pro-cyclical characteristic. Finally, this paper puts forward some policy recommendations on the transformation of profit mode of commercial banks in China under the environment of continuous financial reform.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F832.33

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