我国小微企业民间借贷融资平台构建研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 23:19

本文选题：小微企业　切入点：民间借贷　出处：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：多如过江之鲫的小微企业，是最具张力的就业平台，也是中国经济的晴雨表和社会政治稳定器最敏感的神经末梢。它在促进经济增长、增加就业和科技创新等方面具有不可替代的作用。然而小微企业融资困境一直是制约其自身发展的首要因素，近年来，国家相关部门出台了一系列针对小微企业的金融服务，但小微企业的融资困境没有得到根本解决。特别是自2011年以来，持续的货币调控政策、银根紧缩致使小微企业“融资难”问题更加突出，许多小微企业纷纷转向民间借贷市场进行融资。虽然民间借贷的融资方式在缓解小微企业的燃眉之急上可以起到一定作用，但其本身存在着固有缺陷，而且风险也极大，倘若使用方式不当，可能会异化为“高利贷”，“非法集资”，如因资金链断裂近期频繁出现的企业主“跑路”事件。现实的情况是，一方面，小微企业的“资金缺口”和融资困境亟需得到解决；另一方面，国家经过多年的高速经济发展，在民间蕴藏着庞大数量的民间资金（央行2011年公布我国民间借贷余额3.8万亿元），从民间借贷的活跃性可以看出民间资金急需一个投资的渠道。那么是否可以将二者结合起来，探寻既“解决小微企业的融资困境”又能够“对民间借贷的庞大资金进行正确引导”这样一条“双赢”的路径？本文正是基于这样的思考，从小微企业融资困境的角度出发，构建小微企业民间借贷融资平台这样一个融资创新机制，通过这样一个平台承接载体，整合民间放贷者、担保机构以及政府等多项成员主体的基础上，建立完善的组织架构和严格的审查机制，通过成员担保责任制、保证金制度以及风险准备金制度这三道“安全闸门”，实现对风险的有效控制，，平台体现出信息搜集、资源共享、风险控制、政策引导等多种优势，既为小微企业融资提供了政策支持和融资服务，又正确引导了民间借贷资金的流向。
[Abstract]:As many small and micro enterprises as crucian carp, it is the most tension employment platform, but also the barometer of the Chinese economy and the most sensitive nerve endings of social and political stabilizers.It plays an irreplaceable role in promoting economic growth, increasing employment and scientific and technological innovation.However, the financing dilemma of small and micro enterprises has been the primary factor restricting their own development. In recent years, the relevant departments of the state have issued a series of financial services for small and micro enterprises, but the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises have not been fundamentally resolved.Especially since 2011, with the continuous monetary control policy, the "financing difficulty" of small and micro enterprises has become more prominent, and many small and micro enterprises have turned to the private lending market for financing.Although private loan financing can play a role in alleviating the immediate needs of small and micro enterprises, it has inherent defects and great risks. If used improperly, it may be alienated as a "usury"."illegal fundraising", such as the frequent occurrence of business owners'running events due to the breakage of the chain of funds.The reality is that, on the one hand, the "financing gap" and financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises urgently need to be addressed; on the other hand, after years of rapid economic development,There is a large amount of private funds in the private sector (the central bank announced a balance of 3.8 trillion yuan in China's private lending in 2011. From the activity of private lending we can see that private funds are in urgent need of an investment channel.So can we combine the two to explore a "win-win" path, which can "solve the financing dilemma of small and micro enterprises" and "correctly guide the huge funds of private lending"?This paper is based on this thinking, from the point of view of the financing dilemma of small and micro enterprises, to build a small and micro enterprise private loan financing platform as a financing innovation mechanism, through such a platform to undertake carrier, integrate private lenders,On the basis of several member bodies such as the guarantee organization and the government, we should establish a perfect organizational structure and strict examination mechanism, and adopt the three "safety gates" of the member guarantee responsibility system, the margin system and the risk reserve system.To achieve effective risk control, the platform embodies the advantages of information collection, resource sharing, risk control, policy guidance, and so on, which provides policy support and financing services for small and micro enterprises.And correctly led the flow of private lending funds.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.4;F276.3;F275

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