农民工返乡创业金融支持对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 03:25

本文选题：农民工 + 返乡创业　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：农民工返乡创业是农村劳动力与城市双向流动发展的必然产物，是劳动力要素资源重新优化配置的结果；农民工返乡创业是加快我国农村地区发展、统筹城乡劳动力、加强城乡互动、促进城乡统筹的重要路径。2009年的中央一号文件中也明确规定“大力支持农民工返乡创业和投身新农村建设，抓紧制定扶持农民工返乡创业的具体政策措施，引导掌握了一定技能、积累了一定资金的农民工创业，以创业带动就业”。随着我国东部地区劳动密集型产业向中西部地区梯度转移以及国家对农民培训和农业农村发展支持力度的加大，农民工创业条件日渐成熟。但是，农民工返乡创业不仅仅是表面上的个人行为，实质上是一系列复杂的问题和矛盾作用导致，这里边有制度因素，又有社会背景；既有家庭问题，也有经济因素。因此，做好农民特别是农民工创业就业工作，不仅关系到“三农”问题的解决，而且关系到城乡统筹和“三化”同步发展，关系到社会和谐稳定，，关系到全面建设小康社会和现代化事业的全局。本文从农民工返乡创业原因、理论机理和创业现状等角度分析了我国农民工返乡创业背景，从农村金融组织现体系及其演变历程、供需等角度分析了农民工返乡创业的金融需求特点和融资渠道现状；从政策环境、农民工自身条件、金融服务体系三个方面，分析得出目前农民工返乡创业金融支持主要存在创业环境较差、扶持政策不足、金融宣传不够，农民工自身资产匮乏、创业成功率低，农村金融产品单一、金融服务不到位等问题，造成上述问题的原因可以归结为返乡农民工创业自身能力制约较大、政策宣传不够、农村金融创新不够等三个方面；继而，文章从总体政策背景、创业个体和金融机构三个层面分别选取全国农民工创业示范基地的四川金堂县、重庆永川云雾山变绿色银行、农业发展银行金融支持案例进行实证分析，总结其中有代表性的成果经验；最后，结合返乡农民工金融支持存在的问题及原因，借鉴案例实证经验，针对政策环境、农民工自身条件、农村金融体系、农村金融创新以及宣传教育等层面提出如下建议：一是通过优化创业环境、整合创业政策和加大财政和金融支持，营造返乡农民工创业的政策环境；二是通过丰富农民工金融知识、强化创业培训和调动创业动力，提高返乡农民工自身创业能力；三是通过健全多元化金融体系、增强授信、构建农村信用环境等手段，健全农村金融服务体系；四是通过金融机构、金融产品、信用担保、风险控制等方面的创新，推进农村金融的整体创新；五是强化农村金融政策知识宣传。
[Abstract]:It is the inevitable outcome of the two-way development of rural labor force and urban mobility, and the result of the re-allocation of labor factor resources, which is to accelerate the development of rural areas and coordinate the urban and rural labor force.Strengthen the interaction between urban and rural areas, and promote the important path of urban and rural planning. The 2009 document No. 1 of the Central Committee also clearly stipulates that "vigorously support migrant workers to return to their hometown to start their own businesses and join in the construction of new rural areas, and pay close attention to formulating specific policies and measures to support migrant workers returning to their hometowns toGuide to master a certain skills, accumulated a certain amount of capital migrant workers to start businesses to promote employment.With the gradient transfer of labor-intensive industries in eastern China to the central and western regions, and the increasing support for farmers' training and agricultural rural development, the conditions for migrant workers to start businesses are becoming more and more mature.However, the return of migrant workers to start a business is not only a superficial personal behavior, in essence is a series of complex problems and contradictions, which has institutional factors, but also social background; there are family problems, but also economic factors.Therefore, to do a good job for farmers, especially migrant workers, is not only related to the solution of the "three rural issues", but also related to the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and the "three modernizations", as well as the social harmony and stability.It is related to the overall situation of building a well-off society and modernization in an all-round way.This paper analyzes the background of rural migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own business from the angles of reasons, theoretical mechanism and current situation of their entrepreneurship, and analyzes the present system of rural financial organizations and their evolution process.From the point of view of supply and demand, this paper analyzes the characteristics of financial demand and the current situation of financing channels for migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own businesses, from three aspects: policy environment, migrant workers' own conditions, and financial service system.The analysis shows that the current financial support for migrant workers returning home to start a business is mainly characterized by poor entrepreneurial environment, insufficient support policies, insufficient financial publicity, lack of peasant workers' own assets, low success rate of starting a business, and single rural financial products.The reasons for these problems can be attributed to the following three aspects: the ability of returning migrant workers to start their own businesses is restricted, the policy propaganda is not enough, the rural financial innovation is not enough, and so on.Three levels of entrepreneurial individuals and financial institutions selected the national demonstration base of migrant workers in Jintang County Chongqing Yongchuan Yunwu Mountain Green Bank Agricultural Development Bank financial support cases for empirical analysis.Finally, combined with the problems and reasons of the financial support for migrant workers returning home, using the empirical experience of the case for reference, in view of the policy environment, migrant workers own conditions, rural financial system,The following suggestions are put forward from the aspects of rural financial innovation and propaganda and education: first, through optimizing the entrepreneurial environment, integrating entrepreneurial policies and increasing financial and financial support, we should create a policy environment for returning migrant workers to start their own businesses;Second, through enriching rural migrant workers' financial knowledge, strengthening entrepreneurial training and mobilizing entrepreneurial motivation, improving their own entrepreneurial ability; third, improving the diversified financial system, enhancing credit, building rural credit environment, and so on.Improve the rural financial service system; fourth, through the financial institutions, financial products, credit guarantee, risk control and other aspects of innovation to promote the overall innovation of rural finance; fifth, strengthen rural financial policy knowledge propaganda.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F323.6;F832.0

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