晚清各省铸造铜元史料

发布时间：2018-05-24 09:51

本文选题：度支部 + 铜币　；参考：《历史档案》2010年01期

【摘要】：铜元作为银元之辅币,在中国近代货币史上曾起过重要作用。铜元自光绪二十六年(1900年)广东开铸后,地方各省遂仿行铸,至光绪三十一年,全国已有17个省22个钱局铸造或试铸铜元,其面值有一文、当二、当五、当十、当二十几种。铜元发行初始,余利甚大,其价值大大超出币面价格。由于利益驱使,地方督抚竞相多铸争销,加之不少地方出现私铸、减重现象,至使铜元"铸造日多,行销日滞,法价已不可保"。由于供大于求,铜元急剧贬值造成币制紊乱,通货膨胀,中央与地方之间、地方与地方之间矛盾尖锐。为挽回利权,光绪三十一年户部奏定整理圜法章程,决定在天津设立户部造币总厂,地方统为造币分厂,并裁停归并部分钱局,将铸币权收归中央。光绪三十二年七月,财政处会奏整顿铜币,整合各省造币厂,清廷钦命邮传部尚书陈璧到各省考察铜币铸行情形。现刊布的这组史料,是陈璧历经7个月的考察后,于光绪三十三年五月初八日给朝廷的奏报。其中将酌留之河南、湖北、江宁、广东、福建、直隶、四川钱局及裁并之江苏清江、苏州、安徽、山东、江西、浙江、湖南钱局,从设厂开铸至考察之日止各钱局地址、厂房设备规模、机器成本、余利出入款目及物料数目等均作了详细精确之统计(惟吉林、奉天、广西未在内),并酌拟各省造币分厂划一章程十六条,是研究晚清货币史颇有价值的史料。
[Abstract]:As the auxiliary coin of silver yuan, copper yuan has played an important role in the history of modern Chinese currency. Copper Yuan has been cast in Guangdong Province since Guang Xu 26 years (1900), and it has been cast by local provinces. To Guang Xu 31 years, there are 17 provinces and 22 money Bureau casting or trial casting copper Yuan. The face value of copper Yuan has one article, when two, five, ten, twenty kinds. Copper dollar issued at the beginning of the very large surplus, its value far more than the face of the coin price. Driven by interests, local governors compete for more casting and sales, coupled with the phenomenon of private casting and weight loss in many places. Because the supply exceeds demand, the sharp depreciation of copper yuan results in currency disorder, inflation, contradiction between central and local, and between local and local. In order to recover the right of interest, in 31 years, the Guang Xu Department decided to organize the rules of the law, and decided to set up the General Mint making Factory of the Household Ministry in Tianjin, with the local unit as a branch of the Mint making Plant, and cut and merged some money bureaus, so that the seigniorage rights would be relegated to the central authorities. Guang Xu in July 32, the Financial Office will clean up copper coins, the integration of the provincial mint, the Qing Dynasty ordered the Ministry of Postal Communications Chen Bi to investigate copper coins in the provinces. This group of historical materials, which is now published, was presented to the court by Chen Bi on the eighth day of May, 33, after seven months of investigation. Among them, Henan, Hubei, Jiangning, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhili, Sichuan Qian Bureau and the Jiangsu Qingjiang, Suzhou, Anhui, Shandong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hunan Qian Bureau, which are located in Henan, Hubei, Jiangning, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhili, Sichuan, and Jiangsu provinces, will be set up from the beginning of the factory to the date of investigation. Detailed and accurate statistics on the size of plant and equipment, machine cost, surplus profit, entry and exit items and the number of materials have been made (but Jilin, Fengtian, Guangxi are not yet in charge, and it is proposed that 16 articles of association should be unified in each of the Mint making plants, It is a valuable historical material to study the history of money in the late Qing Dynasty.
【作者单位】：中国第一历史档案馆;
【分类号】：K875.6

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