我国微型金融扶贫与可持续发展的冲突与治理研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 07:05

本文选题：微型金融 + 扶贫　；参考：《暨南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：微型金融是不同于传统正规金融的一种新型金融制度安排，其宗旨是帮助无法从正规金融机构中获得金融服务的穷人、贫困家庭及微型企业获取金融服务。但在实际运行中，大部分微型金融机构都面临可持续发展的困境，或者是实行商业化运作的微型金融机构又难以将其目标客户定位于贫困群体，扶贫与财务可持续发展两大目标难以协调发展。如何平衡微型金融发展中双重目标之间的冲突，是微型金融研究领域亟需解决的重大问题。我国微型金融机构是否存在双重目标冲突？有哪些制约因素？又该如何治理？这些问题对于我国全面推广微型金融具有重要意义，也是本文研究的主要内容。本文首先对微型金融的理论基础进行了阐述，主要界定了微型金融的相关概念及分类，疏导了微型金融理论的发展脉络，归纳了微型金融可持续发展的含义及衡量指标，并分析了微型金融扶贫与可持续发展双重目标协调的可能性。其次，本文介绍了我国微型金融的发展现状并分别对各类微型金融机构的运行效率进行了详细分析。在此基础上，本文采用因子分析法对我国微型金融扶贫与可持续发展之间是否存在冲突进行了计量检验，实证分析结果表明我国微型金融扶贫与可持续发展之间已出现冲突。在对我国微型金融扶贫与可持续发展二者之间冲突的制约因素进行分析后，，本文认为最主要的原因是无法有效解决我国农村信贷市场“成本高、收益低、风险大”的难题。论文最后提出了政策建议，认为要有效降低双重目标之间的冲突，应该扩大微型金融机构融资渠道、创新微型金融产品及机制，同时加强政府部门的扶持力度。
[Abstract]:Microfinance is a new type of financial system arrangement, which is different from traditional formal finance. Its purpose is to help the poor, poor families and microenterprises who can not get financial services from formal financial institutions to obtain financial services. However, in practice, most MFIs are facing the dilemma of sustainable development, or it is difficult for the MFIs to target their clients at the poor groups. Poverty alleviation and financial sustainable development are difficult to coordinate. How to balance the conflict between the two objectives in the development of microfinance is an important problem that needs to be solved in the field of microfinance research. Is there a double target conflict in China's microfinance institutions? What are the constraints? And how? These problems are of great significance for the promotion of microfinance in China, and are also the main contents of this paper. Firstly, this paper expounds the theoretical basis of microfinance, mainly defines the related concepts and classification of microfinance, unlocks the development context of microfinance theory, and summarizes the meaning and measurement index of sustainable development of microfinance. It also analyzes the possibility of coordinating the dual goals of poverty alleviation and sustainable development in micro finance. Secondly, this paper introduces the development of microfinance in China and analyzes the operational efficiency of various microfinance institutions in detail. On this basis, this paper uses factor analysis method to measure whether there is a conflict between poverty alleviation and sustainable development in micro-finance in China. The empirical analysis results show that there is a conflict between poverty alleviation and sustainable development in micro-finance in China. After analyzing the restrictive factors of the conflict between poverty alleviation and sustainable development in micro-finance in China, the author thinks that the main reason is that the rural credit market in our country cannot effectively solve the problem of "high cost, low income and great risk". Finally, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions, which suggest that in order to effectively reduce the conflict between the two objectives, we should expand the financing channels of microfinance institutions, innovate micro-finance products and mechanisms, and strengthen the support of government departments at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.4

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