用马克思有关资本理论剖析经济危机根源及应对策略

发布时间：2018-07-28 07:11

【摘要】：2008年的金融危机已经过去四年了，美国经济还没有在金融危机的阴影下复苏,欧债危机又开始蔓延，全球经济也是萎靡不振，，高失业率已经不再是发展中国家的专利，在西方发达国家失业率也开始增高，引起了人们的恐慌。从历次经济危机中，我们可以看到经济危机爆发的周期越来越短，而且危害越来越大，波及的范围也越来越广。除了这些特点以外，本次经济危机还有一个特点就是经济危机在资本主义制度最发达的国家频频爆发。本次经济危机就是从资本主义制度最发达的国家美国开始的，而之后的欧债危机尽管是从希腊拉开序幕，但是受到影响和打击最大的是欧盟成员国里资本主义制度最发达的几个国家：德国、意大利、西班牙。而在这场席卷全球的经济危机里那些资本主义制度还不是很发达的国家受到的破坏远没有发达资本主义国家那么强烈。虽然我国经济在全球经济低迷的大背景下受到了影响，但是到目前为止我们在这次危机里受害程度相对较小，于是世界纷纷把目光投向了社会主义国家中国。与此同时马克思的《资本论》在世界范围内又一次出现畅销，而且马克思经济危机理论也再度被经济学家重视起来。这次经济危机尽管从表面上看和马克思讲的经济危机发生形式不同，马克思讲的经济危机的根源是生产相对过剩，经济危机的根本原因是生产力和生产关系的矛盾，经济危机的本质是资本主义制度。而本次经济危机从表面上看不仅不是生产相对过剩，相反还表现为消费过度，同时资本主义制度也还继续存在，并没有因为本次经济危机的冲击就被消灭。但是透过消费过度这一现象我们可以看出：实际情况是资本家为了推销生产过剩的产品而让没有消费能力的人民群众贷款消费甚至提前消费，其本质还是生产相对过剩，因此本次经济危机发生的根源和本质还是符合马克思经济危机理论的。同时本次经济危机虽然没有推翻资本主义制度，但是已经很大程度上打击和动摇了资本主义制度的根基，相信在不远的将来资本主义一定会被社会主义所取代。
[Abstract]:Four years after the 2008 financial crisis, the US economy has not yet recovered under the shadow of the financial crisis, the European debt crisis has begun to spread again, the global economy is also in a doldrums, and high unemployment is no longer the exclusive preserve of developing countries. Unemployment has also started to rise in western developed countries, sparking panic. From the past economic crisis, we can see that the cycle of economic crisis is getting shorter and shorter, and the harm is more and more serious, and the scope of the crisis is also more and more extensive. In addition to these features, the economic crisis is also characterized by the frequent outbreak of economic crisis in the most developed capitalist countries. The current economic crisis began in the United States, the country with the most developed capitalist system, and the subsequent European debt crisis, although it began in Greece, But the most affected and hit are the countries with the most developed capitalist systems in the EU: Germany, Italy, and Spain. In the midst of the global economic crisis, the damage to the less developed countries is far less severe. Although China's economy has been affected by the global economic downturn, so far we have suffered relatively little in this crisis, so the world has turned its attention to the socialist country China. At the same time, Marx's Capital appeared again in the world, and Marx's theory of economic crisis was paid more attention by economists. Although the current economic crisis is different from the economic crisis described by Marx on the surface, the root cause of the economic crisis mentioned by Marx is the relative overproduction, and the root cause of the economic crisis is the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production. The essence of the economic crisis is the capitalist system. On the face of it, the economic crisis is not only a relative excess of production, but also overconsumption, and the capitalist system also continues to exist, and has not been eliminated because of the impact of the economic crisis. However, through the phenomenon of excessive consumption, we can see that the actual situation is that capitalists, in order to promote overproduced products, let the people without the ability to spend money or even consume ahead of schedule. The essence of this phenomenon is that the production is relatively overproduction. Therefore, the origin and nature of the economic crisis is in line with Marx's theory of economic crisis. At the same time, although the current economic crisis has not overthrown the capitalist system, it has to a large extent hit and shaken the foundation of the capitalist system, and believes that capitalism will be replaced by socialism in the near future.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F831.59;F113.7

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