国际金融监管的改革及对中国的启示

发布时间：2018-08-19 11:03

【摘要】：2008年美国的金融危机波及全世界。危机不仅沉重打击了金融业也令实体经济遭受了巨大的挑战,如何更好的应对危机,如何变危机为机遇,如何在危机中能独占鳌头成为各国思考的难题。各国纷纷提出金融监管改革方案,加强监管力度,调整本国的金融市场。国际经济组织也积极发挥自身的监管号召力,巴塞尔委员会制定新的巴塞尔协议规范银行的资本运营；G2O峰会多次磋商,讨论如何建立统一的监管标准,规范国际金融活动。在经历了经济自由化的监管模式后,全球的金融监管重新回归到政府监管为主的轨道上。中国的金融监管模式是分业监管,在中国人民银行的指导下,银监会、证监会、保监会分别执行监管职能。在经济全球化、金融国际化的背景下,中国的金融监管制度亟待完善。改革中国金融监管不仅有利于金融机构的正常规范运行,降低风险,还有助于金融机构参与国际金融市场,提升国际竞争力,更有效的提供金融服务。本文主要分析西方发达国家的金融监管的改革方案以及国际金融组织的改革方向,并结合我国金融分业监管的实际,提出适合我国的可行性建议。本文的正文部分可分为四个部分。第一部分主要分析了美国、欧洲、英国以及国际金融组织在金融危机后的金融监管的改革。发达国家针对本国的监管以及金融危机的影响提出了建立宏观审慎的监管框架,防范系统性风险,并对消费者和投资者提出了监管保护的建议。国际金融组织提出了严格的金融监管要求,抑制金融自由化带来的风险的国际波动。第二部分总结了国际金融监管的整体改革趋势。国际金融监管应逐步实现建立宏观审慎的监管框架,提高监管的执行力度,在宏观层面上实现监管目标。强化对投资者、消费者的保护,建立保险消费者的专门机构。监管模式由针对单-机构的机构型监管逐步过渡到监管金融业务的功能型监管,并在国际金融监管合作方向加强力度,参与国际金融新秩序的构建。第三部分分析了中国现行的分业监管的弊端以及问题。分业监管是与分业经营相适应的监管模式,在混业经营逐渐深入的情况下,中国应改变这种监管模式,提高监管能力,提升监管效率。第四部分综合以上对中国金融监管的分析,提出我国金融监管的改革建议。建立宏观审慎的监管框架,并实现宏观与微观监管的有效配合,提高监管的执行力。加强流动性风险的监管力度,从根本上防范系统性风险。相关部门完善金融监管相关法律和法规的建设,并与国际接轨,加强监管合作,积极参与国际政治经济新秩序的构建,并考虑适时推出存款保险制度,完善我国的监管体系。
[Abstract]:The 2008 financial crisis in the United States affected the world. The crisis not only hit the financial industry severely, but also made the real economy suffer enormous challenges. How to deal with the crisis better, how to turn the crisis into an opportunity, how to dominate the crisis has become a difficult problem for all countries to think about. Countries have put forward financial supervision reform plan, strengthen supervision and adjust their financial markets. International economic organizations also actively exert their regulatory appeal. The Basel Committee has formulated a new Basel Accord to regulate the capital operation of banks and discussed how to establish a unified regulatory standard and regulate international financial activities through many consultations at the G2O summit. After experiencing the mode of economic liberalization, the global financial supervision has returned to the track of government supervision. Under the guidance of the people's Bank of China, the Banking Regulatory Commission, the Securities Regulatory Commission and the Insurance Regulatory Commission perform their respective regulatory functions. Under the background of economic globalization and financial internationalization, China's financial supervision system needs to be improved. The reform of China's financial supervision is not only conducive to the normal operation of financial institutions and reduce risks, but also helps financial institutions to participate in the international financial market, enhance international competitiveness, and provide financial services more effectively. This paper mainly analyzes the reform plan of financial supervision in western developed countries and the reform direction of international financial organizations, and puts forward some feasible suggestions suitable for our country. The text of this paper can be divided into four parts. The first part mainly analyzes the reform of financial supervision in the United States, Europe, Britain and international financial organizations after the financial crisis. Developed countries put forward a macro-prudential regulatory framework to guard against systemic risks and put forward suggestions for consumers and investors to protect themselves against the impact of their own supervision and financial crisis. The international financial organizations put forward strict financial supervision requirements to restrain the international fluctuation of the risks brought by financial liberalization. The second part summarizes the overall reform trend of international financial supervision. International financial supervision should gradually realize the establishment of macro-prudential regulatory framework, enhance the enforcement of supervision, and achieve the goal of supervision on the macro level. Strengthen the protection of investors and consumers, and establish special institutions for insurance consumers. The mode of supervision is from institutional supervision for single institution to functional supervision for supervision of financial business, and to strengthen cooperation in international financial supervision and participate in the construction of new international financial order. The third part analyzes the drawbacks and problems of China's current separate supervision. Separate supervision is a kind of supervision mode suitable for separate operation. Under the condition of gradual deepening of mixed operation, China should change this mode of supervision, improve the ability of supervision and enhance the efficiency of supervision. The fourth part synthesizes the above analysis of China's financial supervision, and puts forward the reform suggestions of China's financial supervision. To establish a macro-prudential regulatory framework, and to achieve the effective coordination between macro-and micro-supervision, and improve the executive power of supervision. Strengthen the supervision of liquidity risk, fundamentally prevent systemic risk. The relevant departments should perfect the construction of relevant laws and regulations of financial supervision, integrate with international standards, strengthen supervision and cooperation, actively participate in the construction of a new international political and economic order, and consider the timely introduction of deposit insurance system to perfect the regulatory system of our country.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.1

【共引文献】