金砖国家引进FDI与国际贸易关系的比较研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 14:43

【摘要】：金砖四国最早源于英语中的"BRIC",是由巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国四个国家的首字母缩写组成。2010年末,由于南非的加入,BRIC转变成BRICS,同时我们将巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国、南非这五个国家称为金砖国家。近年来,金砖国家经济高速发展,GDP增长速度远远超过世界水平,贸易规模不断扩大,外资流入量不断上升,对世界经济的影响发挥着举足轻重的作用。除此之外,金砖国家都是发展中国家,人口比较多,劳动力资源非常丰富,国内市场需求量也比较大,因此是外资流入的首选之地。由于金砖各国均为发展中国家,所以对其进行研究所得出的结果对我国有重要的借鉴意义。外商的直接投资和对外贸易是一国重要的经济活动,但同时两者之间也存在重要的关系。因此本文研究的主要内容就是金砖国家FDI与贸易之间关系的比较研究。本文采用了文献研究法与实证研究法。通过文献研究,了解金砖国家外商直接投资的流入和贸易的发展情况,再使用实证研究的方法分析金砖各国FDI与贸易之间的具体数量关系。本文围绕着金砖国家FDI与贸易之间的关系进行研究。第一部分,我们对FDI与贸易之间的关系进行文献综述；第二、三部分,分别对金砖国家的FDI与贸易的情况进行了概述；第四部分,利用计量的方法对金砖国家FDI与贸易之间的关系进行了定量分析,得出结论；第五部分,根据计量结果,提出相关的建议。通过实证分析,我们得出结论：金砖各国的FDI对贸易进出口均有促进作用,但促进的程度有所不同。中国的FDI流入对出口有着非常显著的促进作用,俄罗斯和巴西的外商直接投资对贸易出口有一定的促进作用,印度的FDI对贸易出口的促进作用不大。南非的FDI对出口有微弱的促进作用,但同时回归结果显示,这种微弱的促进作用并不可靠。各国的FDI对进口同样存在促进作用,其中中国和巴西的FDI对进口有明显的促进作用,印度和俄罗斯的外商直接投资对进口的促进作用比较小。南非的FDI对进口的影响作用也很小,而且可信度并不高。根据实证研究的结果,我们分析金砖国家影响FDI拉动贸易增长的主要原因,提出相应的对策。具体的措施包括：改善投资的基础环境、改变外资流入的行业比例、注重外商直接投资的质量和效益、引导外资到中西部地区进行投资、注重保护本国的资源与环境等。目前关于FDI与贸易关系的研究比较多,但大多都是围绕我国情况进行研究。本文的创新就在于通过比较金砖各国FDI与贸易的关系,得出结论,提出相关的政策建议,以促进我国FDI对贸易的影响。与此同时,本文也存在一定的不足,本文研究了金砖国家的FDI对贸易量的影响,但没有深入研究金砖国家FDI对贸易结构的影响。其主要原因是,金砖国家都是发展中国家,数据查找比较困难。例如,在FDI对贸易结构影响的模型中,技术进步是一个很重要的因素,通常使用研发支出占GDP的比重来衡量,但根据世界银行的数据,南非从2002年之后才有相关的统计数据。因此,建立FDI对贸易结构影响的模型存在一定的困难。
[Abstract]:BRICs, the earliest BRICs in English, are made up of the initials of four countries in Brazil, Russia, India and China. By the end of 2010, BRIC was transformed into BRICS because of South Africa's accession, while we compared Brazil, Russia, India, China, The five countries of South Africa are called BRICS countries. In recent years, the high-speed development of the BRICS countries, the GDP growth rate is far more than the world level, the trade scale is expanding, the inflow of foreign capital is rising continuously, and the influence of the world economy plays an important role In addition, the BRICS countries are developing countries, the population is more, the labor resources are very abundant, the domestic market demand is also relatively large, so it is the first choice of foreign capital inflow Since the BRICS countries are developing countries, the results obtained by the Brics are important for our country. Foreign direct investment and foreign trade are important economic activities of a country, but at the same time it is also important Therefore, the main content of this paper is the comparison of the relationship between FDI and trade in BRICS countries In this paper, the literature research method is adopted in this paper. This paper studies the inflow and trade of foreign direct investment in BRICS countries through literature research, and then uses the method of empirical research to analyze the relationship between FDI and trade in BRICS countries. The relationship between FDI and trade in BRICS countries. The relationship between FDI and trade is reviewed in the first part. The second part, the third part summarizes the FDI and trade situation of the BRICS countries, and the fourth part makes use of the econometric method to close the trade between FDI and trade in BRICS countries. The system is quantitatively analyzed, concluded that the fifth part is based on the measurement results. Through empirical analysis, we draw the conclusion that the FDI of the BRICS countries has a promoting effect on the import and export of trade China's FDI inflows have a significant boost to exports. Foreign direct investment in Russia and Brazil has a certain boost to trade exports, and India's FDI has a positive impact on exports. Trade export promotion is not big. South Africa's FDI has a weak effect on exports, but the regression results show that this Weak promotion is not reliable. FDI has a positive effect on imports, in which FDI in China and Brazil contributes significantly to imports, and foreign direct investment in India and Russia The impact of FDI on imports is small. The impact of FDI on imports also It is very small, and the credibility isn't high. Based on the results of the empirical study, we analyze the Brics countries that influence FDI to pull trade growth The specific measures include: improving the basic environment of investment, changing the proportion of foreign capital inflow, paying attention to the quality and benefit of foreign direct investment, guiding foreign investment to the central and western regions for investment, and paying attention to Protection of the country's resources and environment, etc. At present, there are more studies on FDI and trade relations, but The innovation of this paper is to compare the relationship between FDI and trade in BRICS countries, and draw the conclusion that relevant policy suggestions are put forward. In order to promote the influence of FDI on trade, this paper also studies the influence of FDI on trade volume in BRICS countries, but not in depth. The influence of Brics countries FDI on the trade structure is studied. The main reason is that the BRICS countries Home is a developing country. It is difficult for data to look up. For example, in the model of FDI on trade structure, technological progress is an important factor, usually measured by the proportion of R & D spending, but according to World Bank data, South Africa Only relevant statistics were available since 2002. Therefore, the establishment of FDI
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F746;F116;F831.6

【参考文献】