基于AHP和BP神经网络的创新型中小企业融资能力评价研究
发布时间：2019-01-06 17:57
【摘要】：在创造经济效益和社会效益方面,创新型中小企业发挥着不可替代的积极作用。企业的发展离不开资本的投入,相对于普通中小企业,创新型中小企业更偏好于长期和稳定的资本投入,然而付出与回报不等价的是,现实中创新型中小企业获得的融资支持非常有限。拼产业、拼市场、拼技术,在一定程度上,也是在拼融资。在金融抑制背景下,利好政策和激励体制有待进一步激活和完善。破解融资困境,创新型中小企业还得从自身出发,加大研发,保持持续创新,提高市场竞争力,进而使自身融资能力全面升级。论文根据创新型中小企业的自身特性,以市场环境为出发点,建立融资能力评价指标,然后采用层次分析法(AHP)和BP神经网络法,对样本企业的融资能力进行综合评价归类,主要工作和创新如下：(1)阐明研究基础,给出相关概念,陈述企业融资现状,解析创新型中小企业遭遇融资困境的原因。(2)假设外界因素(如社会环境、经济环境、市场环境)不变,根据指标体系构建原则,选取了5大类二级指标和相应的20个三级指标,并且利用AHP构建了融资能力评价的层次结构模型。依据专家评分计算出了各指标权重；(3)从深圳证券交易所公司2014年报等资料收集了20个符合要求的创新型中小企业的相关指标数据。依据AHP方法对其进行了融资能力评价分类,并利用BP神经网络法进行了评价预测与比较；(4)根据评价结果提出了创新型中小企业融资对策：从相应指标着手,增强补弱,平衡维稳,以期达到融资优势。
[Abstract]:In creating economic and social benefits, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises play an irreplaceable positive role. The development of enterprises can not be separated from the investment of capital. Compared with ordinary SMEs, innovative SMEs prefer long-term and stable capital investment. However, the pay and return are not equal to each other. In reality, the financing support of innovative SMEs is very limited. Spell industry, spell market, spell technology, in a certain extent, is also in spell financing. In the context of financial repression, good policies and incentive system need to be further activated and improved. To solve the financing dilemma, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have to start from their own, increase R & D, maintain continuous innovation, improve market competitiveness, and then upgrade their financing ability in an all-round way. According to the characteristics of innovative SMEs and the market environment, the paper establishes the evaluation index of financing ability, and then classifies the financing ability of sample enterprises by AHP (AHP) and BP neural network. The main works and innovations are as follows: (1) expounding the research foundation, giving relevant concepts, stating the current situation of enterprise financing, analyzing the reasons why innovative SMEs encounter financing difficulties. (2) hypothesizing external factors (such as social environment, economic environment, etc.) According to the principle of constructing index system, five categories of secondary indexes and 20 corresponding third-level indexes are selected, and the hierarchy model of financing ability evaluation is constructed by using AHP. The weight of each index is calculated according to the expert score. (3) the relevant index data of 20 innovative small and medium-sized enterprises are collected from the annual report of Shenzhen Stock Exchange Company in 2014. According to the AHP method, the paper classifies its financing ability, and forecasts and compares it with BP neural network method. (4) according to the evaluation results, the paper puts forward the financing countermeasures of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises: starting from the corresponding indicators, strengthening and supplementing the weak, balancing and maintaining stability, in order to achieve the financing advantage.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F276.3;F832.4
，
本文编号：2403130
[Abstract]:In creating economic and social benefits, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises play an irreplaceable positive role. The development of enterprises can not be separated from the investment of capital. Compared with ordinary SMEs, innovative SMEs prefer long-term and stable capital investment. However, the pay and return are not equal to each other. In reality, the financing support of innovative SMEs is very limited. Spell industry, spell market, spell technology, in a certain extent, is also in spell financing. In the context of financial repression, good policies and incentive system need to be further activated and improved. To solve the financing dilemma, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have to start from their own, increase R & D, maintain continuous innovation, improve market competitiveness, and then upgrade their financing ability in an all-round way. According to the characteristics of innovative SMEs and the market environment, the paper establishes the evaluation index of financing ability, and then classifies the financing ability of sample enterprises by AHP (AHP) and BP neural network. The main works and innovations are as follows: (1) expounding the research foundation, giving relevant concepts, stating the current situation of enterprise financing, analyzing the reasons why innovative SMEs encounter financing difficulties. (2) hypothesizing external factors (such as social environment, economic environment, etc.) According to the principle of constructing index system, five categories of secondary indexes and 20 corresponding third-level indexes are selected, and the hierarchy model of financing ability evaluation is constructed by using AHP. The weight of each index is calculated according to the expert score. (3) the relevant index data of 20 innovative small and medium-sized enterprises are collected from the annual report of Shenzhen Stock Exchange Company in 2014. According to the AHP method, the paper classifies its financing ability, and forecasts and compares it with BP neural network method. (4) according to the evaluation results, the paper puts forward the financing countermeasures of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises: starting from the corresponding indicators, strengthening and supplementing the weak, balancing and maintaining stability, in order to achieve the financing advantage.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F276.3;F832.4
，
本文编号：2403130
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