对外贸易中人民币计价结算问题研究

发布时间：2019-02-18 22:12

【摘要】：本文主要针对对外贸易中人民币计价结算问题进行了研究。在本论文中,主要分为以下几个部分：首先,本文分析了在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算的理论基础——马克思关于货币职能理论、汇率风险管理理论、货币国际化以及国际货币,并进而分析了在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算所应当具有的条件。其次本文分析了在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算的动因和基础,动因主要包括宏观储备市场风险以及微观汇率交易风险,基础则主要包括世界贸易地位、人民币汇率稳中趋升、现状演变等几个方面；在此基础上,本文分析了在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算所应当具备的条件,这些条件主要包括企业实力与意愿、人民币可兑换改革、人民币循环渠道等三个方面。再次,本文分析了当前在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算所应当解决的问题,并且通过这些问题的解决促进在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算。在本文的最后部分,一方面通过以A企业在对外贸易中使用人民币计价结算的情况进行了实证分析,另一方面对促进在对外贸易中使用人民币计价结算提出了一点建议。 通过本文的研究,笔者认为,当前在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算所存在的问题主要表现在两个方面：一是部分企业在使用人民币进行计价结算的意识方面还存在一些问题,在实际贸易中使用人民币进行计价结算的积极性不高；另一方面,在对外贸易中使用人民币进行计价计算还存在着诸如人民币流通境外监管机制不成熟、不完善；清算系统成本高,代理行较少；国际收支统计信息不够准确等问题。对于这些问题,笔者认为应当从以下几个方面入手：一是提升国内企业对于对外贸易中人民币计价结算的操作能力；二是完善支付清算体系；三是打造人民币回流机制；四是建立人民币出入境监测机制。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly focuses on the issue of RMB valuation and settlement in foreign trade. In this paper, it is divided into the following parts: first of all, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis of valuation and settlement in foreign trade-Marx's theory of monetary function, exchange rate risk management theory, Currency internationalization and international currency, and further analysis of the use of RMB in foreign trade for valuation and settlement of the necessary conditions. Secondly, this paper analyzes the motivation and basis of using RMB in foreign trade, which includes macro reserve market risk and micro exchange rate transaction risk, while the basis mainly includes world trade status. The RMB exchange rate tends to rise steadily, the status quo evolves and so on; On this basis, this paper analyzes the conditions that should be possessed by the valuation and clearing house using RMB in foreign trade. These conditions mainly include the strength and will of enterprises, the reform of RMB convertibility, the circulation channel of RMB, and so on. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the problems that should be solved by using RMB in the current foreign trade, and promotes the use of RMB to carry out the valuation and settlement in foreign trade. In the last part of this paper, on the one hand, through the empirical analysis of the use of RMB valuation settlement in foreign trade by A enterprises, on the other hand, it puts forward some suggestions to promote the use of RMB valuation settlement in foreign trade. Through the research of this paper, the author thinks, At present, the problems existing in the use of RMB for valuation and settlement in foreign trade are mainly manifested in two aspects: first, there are still some problems in some enterprises' awareness of using RMB for valuation and settlement. In the actual trade, the enthusiasm of using RMB for valuation and settlement is not high; On the other hand, there are still some problems such as the immature and imperfect supervision and control mechanism of RMB circulation abroad, the high cost of clearing system, the few agency banks, and the inaccuracy of balance of payments statistics in the calculation of valuation in foreign trade. For these problems, I think we should start from the following aspects: one is to enhance the domestic enterprises for foreign trade in the RMB valuation and settlement of the operational capacity; second, to improve the payment and clearing system; third, to create a renminbi return mechanism; Fourth, the establishment of RMB entry-exit monitoring mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.6
，

本文编号：2426265