关于融资租赁公司经营模式专业化的探讨
发布时间：2019-03-31 14:28
【摘要】：融资租赁作为集金融、贸易、服务为一体,融资与融物相结合的一种新型融资工具,在推动产融结合、真实服务实体经济等方面发挥了重要的作用,加上各地出台的鼓励融资租赁行业发展的优惠政策及良好的发展环境,我国融资租赁行业呈现了爆发式地增长,各类融资租赁公司如雨后春笋般成长起来,租赁规模不断壮大。但目前我国融资租赁行业仍处在行业发展的初期,融资租赁公司普遍存在专业化程度不高、缺乏长期发展战略、行业定位不清晰、涉入行业过多、市场细分不够的现象。租赁方式主要以与信贷业务类似的售后回租业务为主,体现专业化程度较高的经营性租赁业务比重较低。交易方多把融资租赁业务作为贷款业务来操作,忽视了租赁物的特性及租赁资产的管理,导致大部分融资租赁公司在业务经营中形成“假租赁,真贷款”。另外,行业增长方式也简单粗放,租赁公司盲目追求业务规模,追求注册资本排名,缺乏创新,导致行业间同质化竞争激烈,收益水平降低,增加了项目的风险,直接导致我国目前还缺乏具有专业化、差异化、特色化的国际知名的融资租赁公司。随着我国融资租赁行业经营环境的变化及同质化竞争的不断加剧,越来越多的融资租赁公司认识到:公司发展必须要立足于自身特点和优势领域,依靠产品服务、人才结构、股东背景实力、客户基础等条件,创新租赁产品,细分市场,找准市场定位,选择适合的行业和领域;发挥租赁灵活多样的优势,设计出独特的租赁产品,提供专业化、差异化的金融服务;建立公司的核心竞争力及相对竞争优势,走一条专业化、特色化的发展道路。借鉴发达国家租赁公司专业化经营的成功经验,我国已有部分融资租赁公司在细分市场、经营模式专业化方面进行了有益的尝试和探索,并已在行业内崭露头角,起到带头示范作用。目前国内和谐稳定、安全、高效的政治、社会、文化技术环境、前景广阔的行业环境都十分有利于融资租赁行业健康、持续、高效、快速地发展。我国相关部门在法律、会计、税收、监管方面制定出台了相应的积极政策,为融资租赁行业向专业化、差异化、特色化、规模化、具有核心竞争力的方向发展奠定了良好的政策法律环境。融资租赁公司本身也为适应现代企业发展及市场经济要求,在规范法人治理机构、制定长远发展规划,拓展融资渠道、开发市场客户,储备培训专业人才等方面,为形成核心竞争力、向专业化、差异化发展奠定了坚实的基础。在深化改革的经济转型战略时期,面对新形势、新机遇,为使我国融资租赁行业充分发挥融物优势,更好服务实体经济,可以从营造良好的外部发展环境,完善、制定完善专业化经营的法律、会计、税收、监管等方面的各项优惠政策;加大对专业化经营租赁公司的金融支持;完善融资租赁产权登记制度,加快社会信用体系建设,完善二手设备交易市场和租赁资产交易市场等基础建设;加大对专业人才的培训、培养;科学制定公司长远发展战略,根据自身实力及股东优势,找准市场定位,确定行业发展方向;建设完善全面风险管控体系、提高风险管理水平;调整业务结构,加大经营性租赁比重,鼓励发展厂商租赁业务模式;加强对租赁资产的运营和管理;加快国际化市场开拓等方面促进融资租赁公司向专业化、差异化、特色化、国际化发展。
[Abstract]:The financing lease plays an important role in promoting the combination of finance, trade and service as a new type of financing tool integrating finance, trade and service. In addition to the preferential policies and favorable development environment for encouraging the development of the financing lease industry, the finance leasing industry of our country has shown a burst of growth, and various kinds of financing and leasing companies have grown up like spring bamboo shoots after the rain, and the leasing scale is growing. However, at present, the financial leasing industry in China is still in the initial stage of the development of the industry, and the financing and leasing company has a low degree of specialization, the lack of long-term development strategy, unclear industry positioning, excessive trade in the industry and insufficient market segmentation. The leasing method is mainly based on the after-sales return service similar to the credit business, and the specific gravity of the operating lease business with higher specialization is lower. The transaction party operates the financing lease business as the loan business, and ignores the property of the lease item and the management of the leased asset, resulting in most of the financing lease company forming the "a false lease, a real loan" in the business operation. in addition, that growth mode of the industry is simple and rough, the leasing company blindly pursue the business scale, pursue the rank of the registered capital, and the lack of innovation, leading to the fierce competition between the industries, the reduction of the income level, the increase of the risk of the project, The international well-known financing lease company with differentiation and characteristic. With the changing of the operating environment and the increasing of the homogenization competition in the financial leasing industry in our country, more and more financing and leasing companies realize that the development of the company must be based on its own characteristics and advantages, and rely on the product service, the talent structure and the shareholder's background strength. The customer base and other conditions, the innovative lease products, the sub-market, the alignment of the market position, the choice of suitable industries and fields, the flexibility and various advantages of the lease, the design of a unique lease product, the provision of specialized and differentiated financial services; The core competence and relative competitive advantage of the company are set up, and a professional and special development road is taken. Based on the successful experience of the professional operation of the leasing companies in the developed countries, some of the financial leasing companies in our country have made a useful attempt and exploration in the division of the market and the mode of operation, and have shown themselves in the industry and play a leading role in the demonstration. At present, the domestic harmonious, stable, safe, high-efficiency political, social, cultural and technological environment, and the broad industry environment are very beneficial to the healthy, continuous, high-efficiency and rapid development of the financing lease industry. The relevant departments of our country have formulated corresponding positive policies in the aspects of law, accounting, tax and supervision, and laid a good policy legal environment for the development of the financial leasing industry to the direction of specialization, differentiation, characteristic, scale and core competitiveness. In order to form the core competitive power, the finance leasing company itself is also a professional body, in order to adapt to the development of the modern enterprise and the requirements of the market economy, to standardize the corporate governance, to formulate long-term development planning, to expand the financing channels, to develop market customers and reserve training professionals. The differentiation and development lay a solid foundation. In the period of deepening reform, facing the new situation and new opportunities, in order to bring the financial leasing industry into full play, and to better serve the real economy, it is possible to perfect and perfect the law, accounting and tax of the professional operation from the construction of a good external development environment. The preferential policies in the aspects of supervision and the like; increase the financial support to the professional operation leasing company; improve the registration system of the financing lease property right, speed up the construction of the social credit system, and improve the basic construction of the second-hand equipment trading market and the leasing asset trading market; Strengthen the training and training of the professionals; scientifically formulate the long-term development strategy of the company, find the position of the market according to the strengths and the advantages of the shareholders, and determine the development direction of the industry; build a comprehensive risk management and control system and improve the risk management level; and adjust the business structure. To increase the specific gravity of the operating lease, to encourage the development of the business model of the leasing business of the manufacturer, to strengthen the operation and management of the leased assets, to accelerate the development of the international market and so on, to promote the development of the financing lease company to the specialized, differential, characteristic and international development.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F832.39
[Abstract]:The financing lease plays an important role in promoting the combination of finance, trade and service as a new type of financing tool integrating finance, trade and service. In addition to the preferential policies and favorable development environment for encouraging the development of the financing lease industry, the finance leasing industry of our country has shown a burst of growth, and various kinds of financing and leasing companies have grown up like spring bamboo shoots after the rain, and the leasing scale is growing. However, at present, the financial leasing industry in China is still in the initial stage of the development of the industry, and the financing and leasing company has a low degree of specialization, the lack of long-term development strategy, unclear industry positioning, excessive trade in the industry and insufficient market segmentation. The leasing method is mainly based on the after-sales return service similar to the credit business, and the specific gravity of the operating lease business with higher specialization is lower. The transaction party operates the financing lease business as the loan business, and ignores the property of the lease item and the management of the leased asset, resulting in most of the financing lease company forming the "a false lease, a real loan" in the business operation. in addition, that growth mode of the industry is simple and rough, the leasing company blindly pursue the business scale, pursue the rank of the registered capital, and the lack of innovation, leading to the fierce competition between the industries, the reduction of the income level, the increase of the risk of the project, The international well-known financing lease company with differentiation and characteristic. With the changing of the operating environment and the increasing of the homogenization competition in the financial leasing industry in our country, more and more financing and leasing companies realize that the development of the company must be based on its own characteristics and advantages, and rely on the product service, the talent structure and the shareholder's background strength. The customer base and other conditions, the innovative lease products, the sub-market, the alignment of the market position, the choice of suitable industries and fields, the flexibility and various advantages of the lease, the design of a unique lease product, the provision of specialized and differentiated financial services; The core competence and relative competitive advantage of the company are set up, and a professional and special development road is taken. Based on the successful experience of the professional operation of the leasing companies in the developed countries, some of the financial leasing companies in our country have made a useful attempt and exploration in the division of the market and the mode of operation, and have shown themselves in the industry and play a leading role in the demonstration. At present, the domestic harmonious, stable, safe, high-efficiency political, social, cultural and technological environment, and the broad industry environment are very beneficial to the healthy, continuous, high-efficiency and rapid development of the financing lease industry. The relevant departments of our country have formulated corresponding positive policies in the aspects of law, accounting, tax and supervision, and laid a good policy legal environment for the development of the financial leasing industry to the direction of specialization, differentiation, characteristic, scale and core competitiveness. In order to form the core competitive power, the finance leasing company itself is also a professional body, in order to adapt to the development of the modern enterprise and the requirements of the market economy, to standardize the corporate governance, to formulate long-term development planning, to expand the financing channels, to develop market customers and reserve training professionals. The differentiation and development lay a solid foundation. In the period of deepening reform, facing the new situation and new opportunities, in order to bring the financial leasing industry into full play, and to better serve the real economy, it is possible to perfect and perfect the law, accounting and tax of the professional operation from the construction of a good external development environment. The preferential policies in the aspects of supervision and the like; increase the financial support to the professional operation leasing company; improve the registration system of the financing lease property right, speed up the construction of the social credit system, and improve the basic construction of the second-hand equipment trading market and the leasing asset trading market; Strengthen the training and training of the professionals; scientifically formulate the long-term development strategy of the company, find the position of the market according to the strengths and the advantages of the shareholders, and determine the development direction of the industry; build a comprehensive risk management and control system and improve the risk management level; and adjust the business structure. To increase the specific gravity of the operating lease, to encourage the development of the business model of the leasing business of the manufacturer, to strengthen the operation and management of the leased assets, to accelerate the development of the international market and so on, to promote the development of the financing lease company to the specialized, differential, characteristic and international development.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F832.39
【参考文献】
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