山西利用外商直接投资质量研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 07:46

【摘要】：生产国际化进程的加快，中国经济的持续增长，东部地区产业升级推进的地区均衡发展，国家对中西部地区的政策倾斜力度的加大，山西实现经济转型跨越发展的有力契机，为山西扩大利用外商直接投资提供了良好的发展环境。在此背景下，需要我们着重把握的问题不应局限于对外商直接投资数量上的追求，更是要追求外商直接投资的质量。对于外商直接投资质量的研究，，国内外学者已经取得较大成就。但就山西利用外商直接投资的质量而言,尚未进行较为全面的分析。本文在前人研究的基础上，从山西引进FDI本身的结构特点和利用FDI的绩效两个层面通过对山西FDI大量数据的分析，结合实际案例揭示了山西利用FDI存在的主要问题，并进一步提出了提高山西利用FDI质量的对策建议。本文首先运用统计分析和计量分析的方法，对山西利用外商直接投资的质量进行研究，其结果表明：在利用外资的结构方面，FDI规模、来源构成、产业分布等指标均显示山西利用FDI的质量不断提高，利用方式指标则说明山西利用FDI的质量在不断下降；在利用外资的绩效层面，FDI的经济增长效应和出口效应明显，技术溢出效应和就业效应有限。其次，通过对山西外商投资企业实际状况分析，指出山西在利用外商直接投资中存在外资来源单一、利用方式传统、产业分布不均衡和由企业、政府缺失及投资环境不完善导致的外资利用效率低等问题。总体来看，山西利用外商直接投资的质量不高。长期以来粗放式的经济增长方式使山西利用外资的侧重点放在数量的增长上，忽略了质的提升。一部分外商投资企业是为了一次性的设备买卖和政府的优惠政策等其他利益进行的投资，一些本土企业只把眼光放在外资的“输血”功能上，忽视了“造血”的能力，这种利用外资方式的弊端已经显现出来。要从根本上提高山西利用外商直接投资的质量，就要调整利用外资的战略与对策，使利用FDI的模式由数量型转变为质量型。因此，本人认为，山西一方面要严把外商直接投资“入口”的质量关，优化FDI的结构；另一方面要通过提高外商投资企业技术转移的水平，增强本土企业吸收、消化和创新的能力，创造公平竞争的市场环境来提升FDI的利用绩效，加快实现山西经济的转型跨越发展。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of internationalization of production, the sustained growth of China's economy, the balanced development of the region promoted by industrial upgrading in the eastern region, the increase of the state's policy tilt towards the central and western regions, and the powerful opportunity for Shanxi to realize the leapfrogging development of economic transformation, it provides a good development environment for Shanxi to expand the utilization of foreign direct investment. In this context, the problems that need to be grasped should not be limited to the pursuit of the quantity of foreign direct investment, but also the quality of foreign direct investment. Scholars at home and abroad have made great achievements in the study of the quality of foreign direct investment. However, as far as the quality of foreign direct investment in Shanxi is concerned, a more comprehensive analysis has not yet been carried out. On the basis of previous studies, this paper reveals the main problems existing in the utilization of FDI in Shanxi through the analysis of a large number of data of Shanxi FDI from two aspects of the structural characteristics of introducing FDI from Shanxi and the performance of using FDI, and further puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the quality of FDI utilization in Shanxi. In this paper, the quality of using foreign direct investment in Shanxi Province is studied by means of statistical analysis and econometric analysis. The results show that the scale, source composition and industrial distribution of FDI show that the quality of using FDI in Shanxi is constantly improving, while the index of utilization mode shows that the quality of using FDI in Shanxi is declining. At the level of performance of foreign capital utilization, the economic growth effect and export effect of FDI are obvious, while the technology spillover effect and employment effect are limited. Secondly, through the analysis of the actual situation of foreign investment enterprises in Shanxi Province, it is pointed out that there are some problems in the utilization of foreign direct investment in Shanxi, such as the single source of foreign capital, the tradition of utilization mode, the unbalanced industrial distribution and the low efficiency of foreign capital utilization caused by the lack of enterprises, the lack of government and the imperfect investment environment. Overall, the quality of Shanxi's use of foreign direct investment is not high. For a long time, the extensive economic growth mode makes the focus of Shanxi's utilization of foreign capital on the quantitative growth, neglecting the qualitative improvement. Some foreign-funded enterprises invest for one-off equipment buying and selling and other interests such as government preferential policies. Some local enterprises only focus on the "blood transfusion" function of foreign capital and ignore the ability of "hematopoietic". The disadvantages of this way of utilizing foreign capital have already emerged. In order to fundamentally improve the quality of the utilization of foreign direct investment in Shanxi Province, it is necessary to adjust the strategy and countermeasures of utilizing foreign capital, so as to change the mode of utilization of FDI from quantitative type to quality type. Therefore, I think that on the one hand, Shanxi should strictly control the quality of the "import" of foreign direct investment and optimize the structure of FDI; on the other hand, it should improve the utilization performance of FDI by improving the level of technology transfer of foreign-invested enterprises, enhancing the ability of local enterprises to absorb, digest and innovate, creating a fair competition market environment, and speeding up the leapfrogging development of Shanxi's economic transformation.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.6

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