海南省旅游业发展与农民收入问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 03:35

本文关键词：海南省旅游业发展与农民收入问题研究　出处：《中国农业科学院》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海南省国际旅游岛的建设能否让农民获益并最终富裕起来，是关乎到这一战略能否顺利推进的重要问题。在此背景下，深入研究海南省旅游业发展对当地农民增收、城乡收入差距缩小的影响及作用，具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文基于区域经济发展、可持续发展等相关理论，运用比较分析、案例分析、模型实证分析等方法，对海南省国际旅游岛建设前后的旅游业发展水平与农民收入增长、城乡收入差距变化的关系进行了系统研究，研究内容及主要结论如下：（1）从总体分析来看，海南省通过4年多的国际旅游岛建设，促进了当地旅游业快速发展，旅游人数、旅游收入显著增加；地方产业结构、就业结构不断优化，第三产业比重持续提高，旅游业就业人数快速增加；与此同时，农民收入显著提高，收入结构中的工资性收入及家庭经营中的非农收入增长迅速；城乡收入比下降，，收入差距逐渐缩小。（2）从典型案例分析来看，海南省国际旅游岛建设将相关市县的农业和旅游业紧密结合起来，农民参与旅游业的渠道增多、得到的实惠明显增加；在景区开发模式上采用社区参与模式，让农民直接从业旅游业，实现了收益获取的长久性。在此导向下，目前尚未脱贫的村庄虽确立了旅游扶贫的策略和方式，但农民涉入旅游业的程度和层次较低，规模较小。（3）从计量模型分析来看，海南省旅游发展与农民收入之间存在显著的正相关，旅游业发展每变动一个单位即1%，农民收入相应正向变动2.83%，而在国际旅游岛建设后，旅游发展对农民收入的影响程度增加到3.28%。（4）从区域发展变化分析来看，海南省国际旅游岛建设前，旅游发展增收效应最大的是以三亚市为代表的南部地区，其后依次是北部地区、东部地区、西部地区，但以琼中县为代表的中部地区，旅游发展与农民收入关系不显著。国际旅游岛建设之后，旅游发展增收效果最强的反而是中部地区，该区域旅游发展与农民收入出现了显著的正向效应，旅游拉动的后发优势显著。（5）从城乡收入差距分析来看，国际旅游岛建设后，旅游业的发展与城乡收入差距之间存在着显著的负相关，旅游发展每变动一个百分点，城乡居民收入差距将缩小0.2769个百分点，因此，国际旅游岛的建设有利于城乡收入差距的缩小。基于以上研究结论，本文提出的主要政策建议为：（1）进一步开发旅游产品，带动海南省乡村特色旅游的发展；（2）充分发挥旅游业的拉动作用，促进区域产业结构的调整和优化；（3）推广社区参与旅游的发展方式，拓展相关服务领域；（4）强化职业培训，提高农民旅游业参与能力和服务水平；（5）切实保护城乡生态环境，完善生态补偿机制；（6）在旅游基础设施建设及公共服务方面，加大政府财政扶持力度。
[Abstract]:In this context , it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the influence and function of the development of Hainan ' s tourism industry on local farmers ' income and the narrowing of income gap between urban and rural areas . Based on the relevant theories of regional economic development and sustainable development , this paper makes systematic research on the relationship between tourism development level before and after the construction of international tourism island in Hainan Province and farmers ' income growth and the change of income gap between urban and rural areas by means of comparative analysis , case analysis and empirical analysis . The main conclusions are as follows : ( 1 ) According to the overall analysis , Hainan Province has promoted the rapid development of local tourism , the number of tourists and tourism income increased significantly through more than four years of international tourism island construction , the local industrial structure and employment structure are continuously optimized , the proportion of tertiary industry is continuously improved , the employment number of tourism industry is increased rapidly ; meanwhile , the income of farmers is obviously improved , the wage income in the income structure and the non - farm income in the family business are increased rapidly ; and the income ratio of urban and rural areas is reduced , and the income gap is gradually reduced . ( 2 ) According to the typical case analysis , the construction of the international tourism island in Hainan Province combines the agriculture and the tourism industry in the relevant cities and counties , the farmers participate in the channel of the tourism increase , and the benefits are obviously increased ; in the development mode of the scenic spot , the community participation mode is adopted , so that the long - term income acquisition is realized . Under the guidance , the village that has not yet been brought out has established the strategy and the way of tourism poverty alleviation , but the degree and the level of the farmers ' involvement in the tourism industry are lower , and the scale is small . ( 3 ) From the analysis of the measurement model , there is a significant positive correlation between tourism development and farmers ' income in Hainan Province , the tourism development per unit is 1 % , the corresponding positive change of farmers ' income is 2.83 % , and after the construction of the international tourism island , the effect of tourism development on farmers ' income is increased to 3.28 % . ( 4 ) According to the regional development change analysis , the tourism development gain effect is the largest in the southern region of Sanya City before the construction of the international tourism island in Hainan Province . The tourism development and the farmer ' s income are not significant after the construction of the international tourism island . After the construction of the international tourism island , the tourism development and farmers ' income is the strongest , and the tourism development and the farmer ' s income have a significant positive effect . ( 5 ) From the analysis of the income gap between urban and rural areas , there is a significant negative correlation between the development of tourism and the income gap between urban and rural areas . The income gap of urban and rural residents will be reduced by 0.2769 percentage points per shift , so the construction of international tourism island will be beneficial to the narrowing of income gap between urban and rural areas . Based on the above research conclusion , the main policy proposed in this paper is as follows : ( 1 ) further develop tourism products to drive the development of rural special tourism in Hainan Province ; ( 2 ) give full play to the promotion role of tourism , promote the adjustment and optimization of regional industrial structure ; ( 3 ) promote community participation in tourism development mode , expand relevant service areas ; ( 4 ) strengthen vocational training , improve farmers ' participation in tourism participation and service levels ; and ( 5 ) improve the ecological environment of urban and rural areas and improve ecological compensation mechanisms ; and ( 6 ) strengthen the government financial support in the construction of tourism infrastructure and public services .

【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7;F323.8

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