西安市入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 09:19

本文选题：入境旅游流　切入点：旅游目的地　出处：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：旅游流和旅游目的地是旅游研究中的两个主要议题。尽管国内外学者在这两个方面均取得了丰富的研究成果,但主要内容多聚焦于旅游流或旅游目的地单个方面,关注二者之间相互作用关系的研究成果相对较少。实践中,在我国旅游业整体快速发展的光环下,旅游供给和需求之间平衡与否的问题却越来越成为许多城市急需解决的难题。不少城市缺乏科学理论指导,理不清自身旅游供给与游客需求之间的协调状况,严重影响了目的地旅游业的可持续发展。因此,如何科学判断并优化目的地旅游供给和需求之间的关系问题,已成为了政府、业界和学界共同关注的重要理论与实践研究命题。依托国家自然科学基金项目“旅游流与目的地耦合：因素及模型与机制研究——六大城市入境旅游为例”(编号：41271158),本文在回顾国内外关于旅游六要素、旅游流、旅游目的地以及耦合等方面文献基础上,对结构性耦合的概念进行了重新界定,并从旅游六要素角度,构建了入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合的评价指标体系。与此同时,本文选择西安市为案例地,把入境旅游者视为需求方,把旅游政府部门工作人员和旅游企业从业人员视为供给方,根据对需求方的400份调查问卷、对供给方的300份调查问卷以及16个深度访谈,综合运用熵值法、模糊综合评价法、重要性一绩效分析法、连续接近法等分析方法,以及EXCEL、 SPSS和MATLAB等统计分析软件,对需求和供给双重视角下的入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合评价进行了综合分析,并最终构建了西安市入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合的优化模型。具体而言,本研究主要得出如下结论： (1)需求视角下,西安市入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合整体上处于基本协调阶段。在二者结构性耦合评价中,以重要程度为依据,旅游六要素降序排列结果为：交通游览娱乐餐饮购物住宿。而根据现实绩效,住宿和游览要素处于良好协调状态,其余四个要素处于基本协调状态；供给视角下,西安市入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合整体上同样处于基本协调阶段。在二者结构性耦合评价中,以重要程度为依据,旅游六要素降序排列结果为：游览娱乐交通餐饮购物住宿。而根据现实绩效,除购物要素处于勉强协调阶段外,其余五个要素均处于基本协调阶段。西安市入境旅游六要素各自发展水平上的差异、供需双方对西安市入境旅游发展的认知差异以及双方所持评价立场的不同是造成上述异同的三个主要原因。 (2)现阶段,西安市入境旅游供给表现出文化遗产具有垄断性、入境旅游发展相对成熟、国际通达能力相对较差、旅游产品类型较为单一以及政企存在脱节问题等优劣势,与此同时,入境旅游需求主要呈现出旅游选择个性化、游客类型大众化以及旅游方式短平快等特征。在西安市入境旅游六要素中,交通和娱乐两个要素应当“重点改进”,游览要素需要“继续推动”,购物和餐饮两个要素“毋须优先考虑”,而住宿要素处于“表现过度”状态。综合来看,未来西安市入境旅游发展应实现五个方面的转变：由“堵塞”到“通畅”,由“守旧”到“创新”,由“硬件”到“软件”,由“数量”到“质量”,以及“内功”到“外功”。本研究的创新之处在于：(1)对结构性耦合概念进行了重新界定,并从旅游六要素角度,构建了入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合的评价指标体系。这使得研究者在明确二者整体耦合协调状况的基础上,可以进一步将触角延伸至其内部结构,一定程度上深化了旅游流与目的地耦合研究的内容；(2)从微观层面,基于对供需双方的调查问卷与深度访谈,对入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合评价进行了初步研究,与此同时,通过认识优化基础、建立优化金字塔和明确优化方向,构建了入境旅游流与目的地结构性耦合的优化模型,为案例地未来旅游业持续健康发展提供了基本科学参照与决策依据。由于受研究水平与研究时间等主客观条件所限,本研究中所构建评价指标体系及所选取访谈对象尚不成熟和全面。在未来研究中,作者将对上述不足做进一步修正与完善,同时,探寻新的研究点,不断深化研究成果,提升研究价值。
[Abstract]:Tourist flows and tourism destination is the two main topics in tourism research. Although many scholars have made extensive research on these two aspects, but the main contents focus on the tourist flow tourism destination or a single aspect, the relationship between the two focus on relatively small research in practice. Overall, China's tourism industry in the rapid development of the ring, between the tourism supply and demand balance and whether the problem has increasingly become an urgent problem in many city. Many city is lack of scientific theoretical guidance, confused coordination condition between supply and demand of their tourism tourists, which affect the sustainable development of tourism destination. Therefore, how to judge the relationship between science and optimization of tourism destination supply and demand, has become an important theory and practice of government, academia and industry research. Questions.
Relying on the National Natural Science Fund Project "the tourist flow and destination of coupling: Six tourism city entry factors and model and mechanism for example" (No. 41271158), this paper on the review of the six elements of tourism, tourist flow, tourist destination and coupling etc. on the basis of reference, the concept of structural coupling defines, and from the six elements of tourism, construction of the structural coupling of inbound tourism flow and the evaluation index system. At the same time, this paper chooses Xi'an city as a case, the inbound tourists as the demand side, the tourism practitioners in the staff of government departments and tourism enterprises as the supply side, according to the 400 questionnaires on the demand side, the supply side of the 300 questionnaires and 16 interviews, using entropy method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, importance performance analysis, continuous Close to the method, as well as EXCEL, SPSS and MATLAB statistical analysis software, the inbound tourism flow and dual destination from the perspective of supply and demand structural coupling evaluation are analyzed, and finally constructs the optimization model of Xi'an inbound tourism flow and destination structural coupling.
Specifically, the main conclusions of this study are as follows:
(1) demand perspective, Xi'an inbound tourism flow and destination structural coupling in the overall basic coordination stage. In the two structural coupling evaluation, to an important degree as the basis, the six elements of tourism in descending order results: traffic and tourist entertainment catering accommodation shopping. And according to the actual performance, accommodation and tour elements in good coordination, the remaining four elements in basic coordination; supply perspective, Xi'an inbound tourism flow and destination overall structural coupling in the same basic coordination stage. In the two structural coupling evaluation, to an important degree as the basis, the six elements of tourism in descending order were: tour traffic entertainment shopping catering accommodation. According to the practical performance, in addition to shopping elements is barely coordination stage, the other five elements are the basic coordination stage. The six elements of the Xi'an inbound tourism development The difference between the two sides is the three main reasons for the above differences and similarities between the two sides. The difference between the two sides in the development of Xi'an's inbound tourism and the different evaluation positions held by both sides are the reasons.
(2) at the present stage, the inbound tourism supply in Xi'an shows the cultural heritage has a monopoly, the inbound tourism development is relatively mature, international access ability is relatively poor, tourism product type is relatively single as well as government existing problems out advantages and disadvantages, at the same time, the demand of tourism mainly presents the selection of personalized tourism, tourists and tourism popular type fast track feature. In the city of Xi'an inbound tourism of six elements, two elements of traffic and entertainment should focus on improving "," continue to promote the tour elements need to be "two elements" shopping and dining without priority ", and" accommodation element in the performance of over state. Overall, the future development of inbound tourism in Xi'an city we should realize the transformation from five aspects: from the "plug" to "smooth", from "old" to "innovation", from "hardware" to "software", from "the quantity" To "quality", and "internal" to "external".
The innovations of this study are: (1) redefines the concept of structural coupling, and from the angle of the six elements of tourism, construction of the structural coupling of inbound tourism flow and the evaluation index system. This makes the researchers based on the two overall clear coupling coordination condition, can be extended to the internal structure, deepen the tourist flow and destination coupling research content; (2) from the micro level, based on the supply and demand sides of the questionnaire and interviews, the inbound tourism flow and destination structural coupling evaluation was studied, at the same time, through the understanding of basic optimization, optimization of Pyramid and clear the optimization direction, constructs the optimization model of structural coupling of inbound tourism flow and destination for tourism, sustainable and healthy development of cases in the future to provide basic scientific reference and basis for decision making According to.
Due to the limitation of time and research level of subjective and objective conditions, the construction of evaluation index system and the selection of the interview object is not mature and comprehensive in this study. In the future research, the author will make a further revision and improvement, at the same time on the above shortcomings, explore new research, deepen the research, improve research value.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7

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