基于GA优化的九寨沟世界遗产地可持续发展评价

发布时间：2018-03-14 09:05

本文选题：九寨沟　切入点：世界遗产　出处：《中国地质大学（北京）》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：世界遗产是人类历史文化与自然演化的结晶，代表着最有价值的人文景观和自然景观，是全世界共同的宝贵财富。世界遗产作为具有广域旅游市场的国际级旅游地正日益受到学者、媒体和公众的关注。但由于我国具体国情的限制，世界遗产地的保护与开发工作仍需完善，管理体系与模式有待与世界先进水平接轨。如何平衡遗产地的旅游业发展与生态环境保护的关系是遗产地可持续发展面临的重要课题。因此，对我国世界遗产地的可持续发展现状有一个客观的认识至关重要。文章结合国内外研究成果，从遗产地的旅游可持续发展角度对已有成果进行综述；结合九寨沟遗产地的具体情况，在遵循指标构建原则的前提下，选取了4大类（旅游经济与市场开拓能力，环境保护能力，遗产旅游基础资源，旅游软硬件环境）28项具体指标（景区年接待总人数，景区年门票总收入，县区年旅游外汇收入，景区接待人数的年增长率，景区门票收入的年增长率，县区旅游外汇收入的年增长率，旅游景区级别，旅游产品开发，景区森林覆盖率，，景区空气质量优良率，县区工业烟尘排放达标率，县区饮用水源水质达标率，县区污水处理率，县区工业废水排放达标率，自然灾害威胁性，旅游资源等级，遗产资源原真性，遗产资源稀缺性，遗产资源集聚性，遗产资源规模丰度，景区旅游从业人员基本素质，本科及以上学历占景区管理人员比例，交通通达性，政府投入，科研支持，社区居民满意度，县区星级宾馆数量，县区餐饮设施水平）进行九寨沟遗产旅游可持续发展指标体系的构建；然后运用遗传算法、层次分析法和广义对比加权法建立适用的非线性模型对其进行评价；最后得出九寨沟分类可持续发展能力与综合可持续发展能力等级。结果表明，九寨沟的旅游经济与市场开拓能力处于V级标准，即可持续发展能力强；环境保护能力，遗产旅游基础资源处于IV级标准，即基本可持续；旅游软硬件环境处于III级标准，即初步可持续。整体来看，九寨沟处于从基本可持续到可持续发展的过渡阶段，可持续发展能力较强。通过分析具体指标，本文提出了一些相应的建议，如环境容量持续调控；优化遗产旅游产品结构；提高交通网络通达性，加强配套设施建设；加快旅游专业综合性人才的培养；加强遗产地合作，实现协同发展；发展低碳旅游等以促进九寨沟世界遗产地的可持续发展。最后，在结论和讨论部分，提出本文的主要研究成果，存在的不足以及对未来的展望，为后续研究提供借鉴与参考。
[Abstract]:World Heritage is the crystallization of human history and culture and natural evolution, representing the most valuable human landscape and natural landscape. World Heritage, as an international tourism destination with a wide-area tourism market, is attracting increasing attention from scholars, media and the public. However, due to the limitations of China's specific national conditions, The protection and development of world heritage sites still need to be improved. How to balance the relationship between tourism development of heritage sites and ecological environment protection is an important issue facing the sustainable development of heritage sites. It is very important to have an objective understanding of the sustainable development of the world heritage sites in China. Combined with the domestic and foreign research results, this paper summarizes the existing achievements from the perspective of sustainable tourism development of heritage sites, and combines the specific situation of Jiuzhaigou heritage land, under the premise of following the principle of index construction. Four major categories (tourism economy and market development ability, environmental protection ability, heritage tourism basic resources, tourism hardware and software environment, 28 specific indicators (total number of scenic spots received annually, annual ticket income of scenic spots, annual foreign exchange income of counties and districts) are selected. The annual growth rate of the number of visitors, the annual growth rate of tourist ticket revenue, the annual growth rate of county tourism foreign exchange income, the level of tourist attractions, the development of tourism products, the forest coverage of scenic spots, the excellent rate of air quality in scenic spots, The standard rate of industrial smoke and dust discharge in county and district, water quality of drinking water source in county and district, sewage treatment rate of county and district, discharge rate of industrial waste water of county and district, threat of natural disaster, grade of tourism resources, authenticity of heritage resources, scarcity of heritage resources, Agglomeration of heritage resources, abundance of heritage resources, basic quality of tourism practitioners in scenic spots, proportion of administrative personnel with undergraduate degree or above, accessibility of transportation, government investment, scientific research support, satisfaction of community residents, The number of star-rated hotels in the county and the level of catering facilities in the county area) are used to construct the sustainable development index system of Jiuzhaigou heritage tourism, and then genetic algorithm is used. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the generalized contrast weighting method are applied to evaluate the classification of sustainable development ability and comprehensive sustainable development ability of Jiuzhaigou. The results show that Jiuzhaigou's tourism economy and market development ability is in the V grade standard, that is, the ability of sustainable development is strong, the ability of environmental protection and the basic resources of heritage tourism are in the grade IV standard, that is, basically sustainable. As a whole, Jiuzhaigou is in the transition stage from basic sustainable to sustainable development, and the ability of sustainable development is relatively strong. Through the analysis of specific indicators, this paper puts forward some corresponding suggestions, such as continuous control of environmental capacity, optimization of heritage tourism product structure, improvement of transportation network accessibility, strengthening of supporting facilities; Speed up the cultivation of tourism professionals; strengthen the cooperation of heritage sites to achieve coordinated development; develop low-carbon tourism to promote the sustainable development of Jiuzhaigou World Heritage site. Finally, in the part of conclusion and discussion, this paper puts forward the main research results, shortcomings and prospects for the future, to provide reference and reference for future research.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7

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