旅游活动强度变化下的旅游地环境响应研究——以庐山风景名胜区为例

发布时间：2018-03-17 23:23

本文选题：旅游活动　切入点：环境效应　出处：《旅游学刊》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：旅游活动对旅游地生态环境的影响研究意义重大,当前对旅游环境效应年际及年内淡旺季波动的连续高精度的定量评估开展不足。文章基于旅游地多岛效应理论尤其是旅游地重金属岛效应的原理与方法,以庐山风景名胜区为研究区,采集区内高暴露度的杉木年轮,分别测定近10年来淡旺季树轮早晚材中Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn5种重金属元素含量,在年际与年内尺度上与庐山接待游客量及人均旅游收入作相关分析,将拟合成的本底趋势线与统计线进行对比分析,以探究不同旅游活动时段和强度下的旅游环境变迁特征与响应规律。结果表明:(1)研究区的树轮中5种重金属元素平均含量均早材高于晚材,Cr、Cu、Ni元素含量的变异系数皆早材大于晚材,这表明旅游地重金属岛效应强弱与旅游淡旺季活动强弱对应良好;(2)相关分析表明年际尺度与年内尺度元素响应存在差异:树轮中Cu、Ni元素的年均含量与游客量以及人均旅游收入呈较强的正相关,而代表旅游旺季的早材中的Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb元素含量与其呈强正相关,晚材中的元素含量基本不通过显著检验;(3)通过拟合本底趋势线,进一步发现景区的旅游活动与5种重金属年均含量皆以不同程度增加,以及在旅游危机事件发生的年份,旅游活动与树轮中部分重金属的实际含量与本底值的偏差保持一致;(4)指示旅游地重金属岛效应变化的树轮重金属元素对区内旅游活动强度变化响应明显且记录同步,树轮元素分析方法值得在更大范围深入推广与验证。最后,对旅游与环境研究、旅游地多岛效应理论及树轮分析等实验方法在旅游研究中的应用作了总结与展望。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to study the impact of tourism activities on the ecological environment of tourist destinations. At present, there is a shortage of quantitative and continuous accurate assessment of the fluctuation of tourism environmental effects between years and in the weak peak season of this year. This paper is based on the theory of multi-island effect of tourist destination, especially the principle and method of heavy metal island effect in tourist destination. Taking Lushan scenic spot as the research area, the high exposure annual rings of Chinese fir were collected, and the contents of 5 heavy metals in the morning and evening timber of Cr-Cu-NiNiPbZn-Zn in the late 10 years were determined respectively. On the scale of year and year, this paper makes a correlation analysis with the number of visitors and the per capita tourism income of Lushan Mountain, and compares the background trend line with the statistical line. In order to explore the changing characteristics and response law of tourism environment under different tourism activity periods and intensities, the results show that the average contents of five heavy metal elements in tree rings in the study area are all higher than those in the late wood, the variation coefficient of which is higher than that in the late wood. Early wood is larger than late wood, This indicates that the island effect of heavy metals in tourist destination corresponds well with the intensity of tourism activity in the weak season. The correlation analysis shows that there are differences between annual scale and annual scale element response: the average annual content of Cu Ni element and the number of visitors in tree ring. There is a strong positive correlation between tourism income per capita, However, the content of CrCU Cu Ni Pb in the early timber, which represents the peak season of tourism, is positively correlated with it, and the element content in the late wood is not significantly tested, and the content of the elements in the late wood does not fit the background trend line. It was further found that the tourism activity and the average annual concentration of five heavy metals increased in varying degrees in the scenic spots, and in the year of the tourism crisis, The deviation between the actual content and background value of some heavy metals in tourism activity and tree ring is consistent with the deviation of background value (4) indicating that heavy metal island effect of tourist destination has obvious response to the change of tourism activity intensity and recording synchronously. The method of tree ring element analysis is worth popularizing and validating in a wider range. Finally, the application of tourism and environment research, tourism multi-island effect theory and tree ring analysis in tourism research is summarized and prospected.
【作者单位】：西北大学城市与环境学院;
【基金】：国家旅游业青年专家培养计划项目“旅游者时空行为及其环境效应研究”(TYETP201558) 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划面上项目“秦岭山地国家森林公园旅游发展的环境效应及其对策”(2014JM5205) 西北大学实验教学项目设计基金项目“地理环境领域的树轮实验系统”和西北大学“仲英青年学者”支持计划共同资助~~
【分类号】：F592.7

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