玉文化与史前文明化进程——江淮地区的历史证据

发布时间：2018-05-31 18:43

本文选题：玉器 + 玉文化　；参考：《重庆大学学报(社会科学版)》2014年01期

【摘要】：江淮地区地跨淮河、长江两大流域,在中华文明起源研究中占有重要的地位,新石器时代的玉文化,是当时该地区史前文化体系的一个重要组成部分。本研究选取考古材料,以史前重要遗址为例,结合历史学研究方法对这一地区的文明化进程略作探讨,梳理史前玉器功能的演变规律:玉器被大量用于祭祀和宗教活动;礼仪性用玉的逐步形成;玉器成为宗教活动中执事人员的重要辅助工具。由此得出如下结论:在距今约五六千年时,江淮地区开始了文明化的漫长进程,玉器在该地区文明化进程中起了重要作用。其一,墓葬中出土大量玉器并形成了祭坛,这是氏族社会从神权开始向王权过渡的重要标志;其二,大型中心聚落遗址的出现,可以视作该地区从氏族社会向文明社会过渡的重要标志,对研究早期国家的形成及文明的起源有非常重大的意义;其三,大量玉礼器的存在,不但是财富和权力的象征,更孕育了礼制文明。
[Abstract]:The Yangtze River and the Yangtze River play an important role in the study of the origin of Chinese civilization. The jade culture of the Neolithic Age was an important part of the prehistoric cultural system in the area. This study selects archaeological materials, takes the important prehistoric sites as an example, and discusses the process of civilization in this area with the method of historical research, combing the evolution law of the function of prehistoric jade objects: Jade objects are used in large numbers for sacrificial sacrifices and religious activities; Ritual jade gradually formed; jade became an important assistant tool for deacons in religious activities. The conclusions are as follows: about five or six thousand years ago, the Jianghuai region began a long process of civilization, and jade articles played an important role in the process of civilization. First, a large number of jade artifacts were unearthed in the tombs and an altar was formed, which is an important symbol of the transition from theocracy to Wang Quan in the clan society; second, the emergence of large central settlement sites. It can be seen as an important symbol of the transition from a clan society to a civilized society in the region, which is of great significance to the study of the formation of early countries and the origin of civilization. Thirdly, the existence of a large number of jade ceremonial objects is not only a symbol of wealth and power, It also gave birth to the civilization of etiquette.
【作者单位】：安徽大学历史系;安徽省文化厅;
【基金】：安徽大学博士研究生学术创新扶持项目“周代玉器资料印证研究”(10117700326)
【分类号】：K876.8

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