安阳市乡村旅游发展中存在的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-07-15 11:54

【摘要】：乡村旅游最早起源于19世纪中期的欧洲,而我国的乡村旅游从理论和实践上都晚于西方发达国家,历经30多年的发展已经取得了较为显著的成果。我国的乡村旅游发展有着其特殊的时代背景和理论背景,乡村旅游是城乡经济一体化和新农村建设的重要途径之一,其对安阳市具有深刻的理论和现实意义,主要表现在:一、具有扶贫作用,可帮助贫困山区依托自然资源发展经济;二、有效促进非农就业,乡村旅游的发展创造诸多岗位,可实现农民家门口就业;三、促进农村产业结构调整优化,改变原来单一的种植和养殖结构,实现农民收入来源的多元化;四、社会效益,有效吸纳农村剩余劳动力促进社会和谐;五、生态效益,实现资源开发与保护并举;六、文化效益,有助于乡村文化的传承与保护。本文通过实地走访与调查问卷相结合的形式得出安阳市乡村旅游的现状,安阳市地理位置优越、历史文化悠久、旅游资源丰富,具有发展乡村旅游得天独厚的条件,近几年呈现出蓬勃向上的趋势。但在发展过程中出现了诸如规划管理混乱、基础设施不完善、重数量轻质量、营销宣传手段落后、信息化水平低下、环境保护力度不足及旅游产品单一、同质化严重且文化内涵挖掘不够等问题,这些都在一定程度上限制了安阳市特色旅游资源的充分发挥,也制约了安阳市乡村旅游的发展。在对安阳市乡村旅游发展的现状、问题有了清晰的认识和分析后,本文选取了美国、英国、西班牙、日本等发达国家乡村旅游发展的成功经验,及国内云南、成都和北京乡村旅游发展的有益经验,有针对性地提出适合安阳市乡村旅游发展的途径。通过以上调查和分析,总结安阳市乡村旅游发展的八点建议:一、优化产品体系,突出产品特色。打造主题式乡村旅游,突出地方特色旅游产品,实现旅游产品的多元化、梯度化,增加旅游产品文化内涵,避免旅游产品单一、同质化。二、创新营销手段,树立品牌形象。运用多元化的宣传手段,突出特色,以良好的品牌形象增加重游率。加大人才培养,提升服务质量。不能一味的重数量而轻质量,要对旅游从业进行专业的知识和技能培训,将旅游地提供的各项服务制度化。三、政府进行统一规划、协调管理。政府要制定完善的政策和法律法规,在资金和技术方面加大支持力度,对旅游目的地的基础设施进行完善,为乡村旅游的发展保驾护航。四、加强人才培养,提升服务质量。对旅游从业人员进行系统的专业知识和服务技能的培训,提升服务品质。五、完善基础设施建设,拓宽融资渠道。允许民间资本的进入,建设多元化的融资渠道。六、充分发挥行业协会组织的作用。七、加大旅游地信息化建设。建立完善的乡村旅游地动态信息反馈机制,满足游客信息化、智能化运用的需求。八、注重环境保护,实现综合效益。发展乡村旅游的同时注重农民生活坏境的保护和自然生态的保护,开发与保护并举,不能以环境为代价换取经济效益。
[Abstract]:Rural tourism originated in Europe in the middle of the nineteenth Century, and rural tourism in China is later than the western developed countries in theory and practice. After 30 years of development, the development of rural tourism has achieved remarkable achievements. The development of rural tourism in China has its special background and theoretical background, rural tourism is the integration of urban and rural economy and the new development. One of the important ways of rural construction is of profound theoretical and practical significance to the city of Anyang, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, it has the role of poverty alleviation, which can help the poor mountainous areas rely on natural resources to develop the economy; two, to effectively promote non-agricultural employment and to create many posts in the development of rural tourism, and to realize the employment of farmers at the door of the family; three, promote the rural industry. Structural adjustment and optimization, change the original single planting and aquaculture structure, realize the diversity of farmers' income sources; four, social benefits, effectively absorb the rural surplus labor to promote social harmony; five, ecological benefits, the realization of resource development and protection; six, cultural benefits, contribute to the heritage and protection of rural culture. This article through the field In the form of questionnaire and survey, the status of rural tourism in Anyang is obtained. Anyang has a favorable geographical position, long history and culture, rich tourist resources, and has a unique condition for developing rural tourism. In recent years, there has been an upward trend in the development process, but in the process of development, such as the chaos of planning and management, the infrastructure is not complete. Good, heavy quantity and light quality, low marketing propaganda means, low level of information, inadequate environmental protection and unitary tourism products, serious homogeneity and lack of cultural connotation mining, which have limited the full swing of Anyang's characteristic tourism resources to a certain extent, but also restrict the development of rural tourism in Anyang. After a clear understanding and analysis of the current situation of rural tourism development in Yang City, the successful experience of rural tourism development in developed countries such as the United States, Britain, Spain and Japan, and the beneficial experience of the development of rural tourism in Yunnan, Chengdu and Beijing in China are selected, and the approaches to the development of rural tourism in Anyang are put forward. Through the above investigation and analysis, the eight suggestions for the development of rural tourism in Anyang are summarized as follows: first, optimize the product system, highlight the characteristics of the products, create the theme style rural tourism, highlight the local characteristics of tourism products, realize the diversification and gradient of tourism products, increase the cultural connotation of tourism products, avoid the single and homogeneous tourism products, two, innovation camp. Sell means, establish brand image, use diversified means of publicity, highlight characteristics, increase revisit rate with good brand image, increase talent training, improve service quality. We can not weigh the quantity and light quality blindly, carry out professional knowledge and skill training on tourism industry, institutionalize various services provided by tourism. Three, government advance The government should make a unified plan and coordinate management. The government should make perfect policies and laws and regulations, strengthen the support for capital and technology, improve the infrastructure of tourist destinations and escort the development of rural tourism. Four, strengthen the training of talents and improve the quality of service. Train the service skills to improve the quality of service. Five, improve the infrastructure construction, broaden the financing channels, allow the entry of private capital, and build a diversified financing channel. Six, give full play to the role of the organization of the industry association. Seven, increase the information construction of tourist sites and establish a perfect dynamic information feedback mechanism for the tourist sites of the village and village to meet the tourist information. Eight, pay attention to environmental protection and realize comprehensive benefits. At the same time, the development of rural tourism should pay attention to the protection of the peasants' life and the protection of the natural ecology, the development and the protection, and the economic benefits can not be exchanged at the cost of the environment.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F592.7;F327

【参考文献】