中国沿海地区旅游产业结构与产业集聚的空间关联与协调发展研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 13:44

【摘要】：旅游业已成为中国东部沿海地区新的经济增长点和支柱性产业，沿海地区旅游发展正处于黄金发展期，但同时也处于战略提升、矛盾凸显和产业转型的历史时期，结构性与需求性矛盾突出，旅游产业面临着结构调整、优化与升级的重大压力。培育旅游产业集聚区是旅游业发展的新模式、新探索和新突破，旅游产业集聚是旅游产业发展演化过程中的一种地缘现象，也是旅游产业结构优化升级的高级形式。同时，旅游产业结构的优化升级也促进旅游产业集聚的合理健康发展。立足于旅游产业结构调整和旅游产业集聚理论，采用偏离份额法对旅游产业结构效益进行分解和测度，采用比例系数等方法测度旅游产业合理化与高度化水平；运用旅游产业区位商指数测度中国沿海省市旅游产业集聚程度，构建旅游产业结构水平与旅游产业集聚程度的评价指标体系和多指标综合指数模型对中国沿海省市旅游产业结构水平与旅游产业集聚程度综合指数进行测算和分析。在此基础上，以中国53个沿海城市为例，采用空间统计分析方法探讨中国沿海城市旅游产业结构水平和旅游产业集聚程度的空间关联作用方向；采用空间常系数回归模型（空间滞后模型和空间误差模型）和空间变系数回归模型（地理加权回归模型）分别从全域和局域两方面分析中国沿海城市旅游产业结构水平与旅游产业集聚程度的关联作用程度。最后，运用耦合协调度模型量化测度中国沿海城市旅游产业结构水平与旅游产业集聚程度的耦合协调程度，并对其进行类型划分和空间分析，进而提出二者之间的耦合发展模式。将旅游产业结构调整与优化纳入了产业集聚的框架内，从产业集聚的视角探讨区域旅游产业结构的优化升级，旨在为促进沿海地区旅游产业要素空间合理配置、旅游产业结构优化升级提供系统的理论依据，为解决沿海地区旅游产业发展中出现的诸多结构性矛盾与问题，培育并形成旅游产业结构调整与旅游产业集聚在空间上的良性互动、协调耦合机制，提供重要的现实指导意义。选取空间误差模型（SEM）来进行“旅游产业集聚程度对旅游产业结构水平作用”的全域常参数估计，结果表明邻近沿海城市关于旅游产业结构水平的误差冲击对中心沿海城市旅游产业结构水平具有显著的正向促进作用，且邻近沿海城市旅游产业结构水平每增长1%，中心沿海城市的旅游产业结构水平就增长0.3176868%；旅游产业集聚程度对旅游产业结构水平有显著的正向影响，在保持其他条件不变的情况下，旅游产业集聚程度每增长1%，沿海城市旅游产业结构水平就提高0.113524%。 “旅游产业集聚程度对旅游产业结构水平作用”的局域常参数估计结果显示，各沿海城市旅游产业集聚程度每增长1%，旅游产业结构水平至少提高0.1%。其中在环渤海地区，旅游产业集聚程度对沿海城市旅游产业结构优化与升级的作用最明显，长三角地区沿海城市次之，而珠三角地区沿海城市较弱。运用最小二乘（OLS）方法对沿海城市“旅游产业结构水平对旅游产业集聚程度作用”的全域常参数进行估计，结果表明旅游产业结构水平对旅游产业集聚程度具有显著的正效应，，即在不考虑其他因素的情况下，沿海城市的旅游产业结构水平每增长1%，区域旅游产业集聚程度就增长7.622267%。 “旅游产业结构水平对旅游产业集聚程度作用”的局域常参数估计结果显示，各沿海城市旅游产业集聚程度每增长1%，旅游产业结构水平至少提高6.01%。其中，长三角和珠三角地区的中心沿海城市的系数估计值较大，而环渤海地区沿海城市的系数估计值较小，即在环渤海地区，旅游产业结构水平对沿海城市旅游产业集聚程度的作用较小，尚有待提高。在沿海各省（市）中，除河北省外，旅游产业结构水平与旅游产业集聚程度的耦合度（C）均在0.95以上，即二者的相互作用程度非常强。沿海省市旅游产业结构水平与旅游产业集聚程度的耦合协调发展度介于0.357到0.755，处于轻度失调与中级协调之间。天津、上海、广东分别作为环渤海地区、长三角地区、珠三角地区旅游产业结构与旅游产业集聚协调发展的增长极，在沿海三大区域旅游发展中发挥着重要的引擎作用。沿海地区旅游产业结构与旅游产业集聚协调发展模式包括旅游产业集聚主导型、旅游产业结构主导型、政府扶持型三种。中国沿海地区应从旅游产品开发创新、旅游产业技术路径创新、旅游产业管理模式创新、完善旅游产业基础设施建设、旅游产业政策与制度创新、加强旅游产业区域协作，优化区域布局等方面加强旅游产业结构与旅游产业集聚的互动协调。
[Abstract]:Tourism has become a new economic growth point and pillar industry in the coastal areas of eastern China. Tourism development in coastal areas is in the golden period of development, but at the same time, it is also in the historical period of strategic promotion, contradictions and industrial transformation. The contradiction between structure and demand is prominent, and the tourism industry is facing structural adjustment, optimization and upgrading. The development of tourism industry agglomeration area is a new mode of tourism development, new exploration and new breakthrough. Tourism industry agglomeration is a geopolitical phenomenon in the process of the development and evolution of the tourism industry. It is also a high-level form of the optimization and upgrading of the tourism industrial structure. At the same time, the optimization and upgrading of the tourism industrial structure also promotes the rational health of the tourism industry agglomeration. Development.
Based on the adjustment of tourism industry structure and the theory of tourism industry agglomeration, this paper uses the deviation share method to measure and measure the structural benefit of tourism industry, and uses the ratio coefficient to measure the rationalization and height of the tourism industry, and uses the tourist industry location quotient index to measure the degree of Tourism industry agglomeration in the coastal provinces and cities of China and build a brigade. The evaluation index system of tourism industrial structure level and the degree of tourism industry agglomeration and the multi index comprehensive index model are used to calculate and analyze the comprehensive index of tourism industrial structure level and tourism industrial agglomeration degree in coastal provinces and cities of China. On this basis, 53 coastal cities in China are taken as an example to explore the Chinese edge by spatial statistical analysis. The spatial correlation of the tourism industrial structure level and the degree of tourism industry agglomeration in Haicheng City, the spatial coefficient regression model (space lag model and spatial error model) and the spatial variable coefficient regression model (GEO weighted regression model) are used to analyze the coastal urban tourism industrial structure water from the two aspects of the whole region and the local area respectively. In the end, the coupling coordination degree model is used to measure the coupling coordination degree of the tourism industrial structure level and the degree of tourism industry agglomeration in China's coastal cities, and the type and space analysis are carried out, and then the coupling development model between the two is proposed. The adjustment and optimization are included in the framework of industrial agglomeration. The optimization and upgrading of regional tourism industry structure is discussed from the perspective of industrial agglomeration. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the rational allocation of tourism industry elements in coastal areas and the optimization and upgrading of the tourism industrial structure, and to solve many problems in the development of the tourism industry in coastal areas. Structural contradictions and problems, cultivate and form a benign interaction between tourism industrial structure adjustment and tourism industry agglomeration in space, and coordinate the coupling mechanism, and provide important practical guiding significance.
The spatial error model (SEM) is used to estimate the global parameter estimation of the level of tourism industrial agglomeration on the level of tourism industrial structure. The results show that the impact of the adjacent coastal cities on the tourism industrial structure level has a significant positive effect on the tourism industrial structure level in the central coastal cities, and it is adjacent to Haicheng. The structure level of the city tourism industry has increased by 1%, and the tourism industrial structure of the central coastal city is increased by 0.3176868%. The degree of tourism industrial agglomeration has a significant positive effect on the structure level of the tourism industry. In the case of keeping the other conditions unchanged, the degree of tourism industry agglomeration is increased by 1%, and the structure level of the tourism industry in coastal cities is on the level. Improve 0.113524%.
The local constant parameter estimation of the degree of tourism industrial agglomeration to the structure level of tourism industry shows that the agglomeration degree of tourism industry in each coastal city is increased by 1%, and the tourism industrial structure level is at least 0.1%. in the ring Bohai area, and the degree of tourism industry agglomeration has the effect on the optimization and upgrading of the tourism industrial structure along Haicheng. Most obviously, the coastal cities in the Yangtze River Delta are the second, while the coastal cities in the Pearl River Delta are weaker.
The least square (OLS) method is used to estimate the global parameters of the tourism industrial structure level on the degree of tourism industrial agglomeration in coastal cities. The results show that the tourism industrial structure level has a significant positive effect on the degree of tourism industry agglomeration, that is, the tourism industrial structure of coastal cities without other factors. The level of regional tourism agglomeration increased by 1% per level per 7.622267%..
The local constant parameter estimation of the tourism industrial structure level on the degree of tourism industrial agglomeration shows that the concentration of tourism industry in each coastal city has increased by 1%, and the tourism industrial structure level is at least 6.01%.. The coefficient of the central coastal cities in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta region is larger than that of the coastal Bohai region. The estimated value of urban coefficient is small, that is, in the Bohai Rim region, the level of tourism industry structure has little effect on the degree of tourism industry agglomeration in coastal cities, and needs to be improved.
In the coastal provinces (cities), in addition to the Hebei Province, the coupling degree of tourism industrial structure level and the degree of tourism industrial agglomeration (C) is above 0.95, that is, the degree of interaction between the two are very strong. The coupling and coordinated development degree of the tourism industrial structure level and the degree of tourism industry concentration in coastal provinces and cities is between 0.357 and 0.755, and it is in mild maladjustment and intermediate level. Coordination between Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangdong, respectively, as the region of the Bohai region, the Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region, the tourism industry structure and the Tourism Industrial Agglomeration Coordinated development, which plays an important engine role in the three major coastal areas of the coastal development.
The coordinated development mode of tourism industrial structure and tourism industry agglomeration in coastal areas includes the leading type of tourism industry cluster, the leading type of tourism industry structure and three kinds of government support type. The coastal areas of China should be based on the development and innovation of tourism products, the innovation of the tourism industry technology path, the innovation of the tourism industry management model, and the improvement of the infrastructure construction of the tourism industry. The interaction and coordination of tourism industry structure and tourism industry agglomeration should be strengthened in the aspects of tourism industry policy and system innovation, strengthening regional cooperation in tourism industry and optimizing regional distribution.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7

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