凤凰县早岗村旅游精准扶贫机制研究
发布时间：2018-10-14 16:53
【摘要】：随着社会经济的进步,人民的物质文化生活水平得到快速提高。尽管如此,贫困依旧是伴随人类发展至今仍需解决的一个世界性难题。为助力我国贫困地区脱贫,政府相继出台多项措施。其中,发展旅游业已成为重要的扶贫方式和策略,其在增加贫困地区经济受益和促进贫困者脱贫等方面具有重大意义。就在各地大力开展旅游扶贫时,由于缺乏针对性,一刀切的方式并未使全部贫困人口走出困境。因此,如何以旅游为手段针对具有差异的贫困人口开展落实到村、到户、到人的精准扶助急需探讨。位于武陵山贫困片区的湖南省湘西州凤凰县风光秀美、资源丰富,是武陵山片区旅游集聚地的核心之一。该县同时也是国家级贫困县,其辖内的早岗村是湖南省省级贫困村和国家乡村旅游富民工程重点村,是乡村旅游和扶贫脱贫的典型代表。为了更好的帮助贫困人口脱贫,提高扶贫效率,以早岗村为研究地,深入调查贫困户生活状况和旅游发展成效感知度,测评分析贫困户的投入产出效率,构建旅游精准扶贫机制。根据研究结果发现,早岗村贫困户的劳动力负担系数大,劳动力整体受教育程度较低,旅游业直接参与度较低。旅游发展成效中,经济成效感知最为直接,贫困户旅游参与意愿高,但受到文化水平不高、技能不足、缺乏相关引导等因素的阻碍。从投入产出效率来看,参与旅游的贫困户较未参与旅游的贫困户具有更大的脱贫潜力,但整体效率不高,仍有很大提升空间。依据效率将贫困户划分为三种类型,技能提高型、规模扩大型和温饱巩固型,根据脱贫需求,因类施策,构建旅游精准扶贫机制。首先,帮扶机制方面,三种类型贫困户适用的脱贫机制分别为技能培训提升机制、产业发展带动机制和政策救助兜底机制。同时建立邻里帮扶激励机制,充分利用乡村精英社会网络关系,发挥精英带动作用;建立发展成果共享机制,使贫困人口同享经济、信息、社会、生态等发展成果。其次,管理机制方面,完善对帮扶单位扶贫工作和贫困户脱贫成果的考核制度,奖惩并施;对贫困户退出执行监测评估,制定反返贫措施,完善贫困退出体系,保护精准扶贫工作胜利果实。最后,对研究内容做出总结并提出展望。
[Abstract]:With the social and economic progress, the people's material and cultural living standards have been rapidly improved. Nevertheless, poverty is still a worldwide problem that remains to be solved with human development. In order to help our poor areas out of poverty, the government has introduced a number of measures. Among them, the development of tourism has become an important way and strategy of poverty alleviation, which is of great significance in increasing economic benefits and promoting poverty alleviation in poor areas. Because of the lack of pertinence, the one-size-fits-all approach has not made all the poor people out of the predicament. Therefore, how to use tourism as a means to carry out the implementation of the poor people with differences to the village, to the household, to the precise assistance of people need to be discussed. Fengghuang County, Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province, which is located in the poverty area of Wuling Mountain, has beautiful scenery and rich resources, which is one of the core tourist agglomerations in Wuling Mountain region. At the same time, the county is also a national poor county. The village in its jurisdiction is a provincial poor village in Hunan province and a key village in the national rural tourism project. It is a typical representative of rural tourism and poverty alleviation. In order to better help the poor people out of poverty and improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation, taking the village of Zaogang as a research place, the paper investigates the living conditions of poor households and the perception of tourism development effectiveness, and evaluates and analyzes the input-output efficiency of poor households. Build the mechanism of tourism precision poverty alleviation. According to the results of the study, it is found that the poor households in Zaigang Village have a large labor burden coefficient, a lower overall education level of the labor force and a lower degree of direct participation in the tourism industry. In the tourism development effect, the economic effect perception is the most direct, and the poor households have a high willingness to participate in tourism, but are hindered by such factors as low education level, insufficient skills, lack of relevant guidance and so on. In terms of input-output efficiency, the poor households involved in tourism have greater potential to get rid of poverty than those who do not participate in tourism, but the overall efficiency is not high, and there is still much room for improvement. According to the efficiency, the poor households can be divided into three types: skill enhancement type, scale expansion type and food and clothing consolidation type. First of all, the help mechanism, three types of poverty relief mechanisms are skills training and upgrading mechanism, industrial development drive mechanism and policy relief mechanism. At the same time, we should set up the incentive mechanism of neighborhood help, make full use of the rural elite social network relationship, give play to the elitist driving role, and set up the mechanism of sharing the development achievements, so that the poor people can enjoy the economic, information, social, ecological and other development achievements. Secondly, in the aspect of management mechanism, we should improve the evaluation system of poverty alleviation work of help units and the achievements of poverty alleviation among poor households, reward and punish them, monitor and evaluate the withdrawal of poor households, formulate anti-poverty measures, and improve the poverty withdrawal system. To protect the success of precision poverty alleviation. Finally, the research content is summarized and the prospect is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8;F592.7
本文编号：2271047
[Abstract]:With the social and economic progress, the people's material and cultural living standards have been rapidly improved. Nevertheless, poverty is still a worldwide problem that remains to be solved with human development. In order to help our poor areas out of poverty, the government has introduced a number of measures. Among them, the development of tourism has become an important way and strategy of poverty alleviation, which is of great significance in increasing economic benefits and promoting poverty alleviation in poor areas. Because of the lack of pertinence, the one-size-fits-all approach has not made all the poor people out of the predicament. Therefore, how to use tourism as a means to carry out the implementation of the poor people with differences to the village, to the household, to the precise assistance of people need to be discussed. Fengghuang County, Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province, which is located in the poverty area of Wuling Mountain, has beautiful scenery and rich resources, which is one of the core tourist agglomerations in Wuling Mountain region. At the same time, the county is also a national poor county. The village in its jurisdiction is a provincial poor village in Hunan province and a key village in the national rural tourism project. It is a typical representative of rural tourism and poverty alleviation. In order to better help the poor people out of poverty and improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation, taking the village of Zaogang as a research place, the paper investigates the living conditions of poor households and the perception of tourism development effectiveness, and evaluates and analyzes the input-output efficiency of poor households. Build the mechanism of tourism precision poverty alleviation. According to the results of the study, it is found that the poor households in Zaigang Village have a large labor burden coefficient, a lower overall education level of the labor force and a lower degree of direct participation in the tourism industry. In the tourism development effect, the economic effect perception is the most direct, and the poor households have a high willingness to participate in tourism, but are hindered by such factors as low education level, insufficient skills, lack of relevant guidance and so on. In terms of input-output efficiency, the poor households involved in tourism have greater potential to get rid of poverty than those who do not participate in tourism, but the overall efficiency is not high, and there is still much room for improvement. According to the efficiency, the poor households can be divided into three types: skill enhancement type, scale expansion type and food and clothing consolidation type. First of all, the help mechanism, three types of poverty relief mechanisms are skills training and upgrading mechanism, industrial development drive mechanism and policy relief mechanism. At the same time, we should set up the incentive mechanism of neighborhood help, make full use of the rural elite social network relationship, give play to the elitist driving role, and set up the mechanism of sharing the development achievements, so that the poor people can enjoy the economic, information, social, ecological and other development achievements. Secondly, in the aspect of management mechanism, we should improve the evaluation system of poverty alleviation work of help units and the achievements of poverty alleviation among poor households, reward and punish them, monitor and evaluate the withdrawal of poor households, formulate anti-poverty measures, and improve the poverty withdrawal system. To protect the success of precision poverty alleviation. Finally, the research content is summarized and the prospect is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8;F592.7
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