社区参与乡村旅游影响因素作用机制研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 12:46

【摘要】：乡村旅游是社区所在地发展的重要议题。乡村旅游在调整社区所在地经济结构、改善社区居民生活环境、增加社区居民就业机会等方面,发挥了巨大作用。但在实际的发展过程中,出现利益分配不均、资源过度利用、环境卫生破坏严重等问题,特别是,部分地区存在旅游经营活动“飞地化”倾向,社区居民成为负面影响的主要承担者,社区居民的利益无法得到保障。因此,发展乡村旅游必须将社区居民纳入其中,引导社区居民有效、合理地参与到乡村旅游发展过程中,将社区居民的利益权衡在内,重视社区居民的诉求与期望,为社区居民构建相对和谐的参与环境,使居民积极主动参与,推动社区旅游长效、健康发展。社区参与乡村旅游受多方面因素的影响,主要有经济因素、社会因素、文化因素等方面,本文从社区居民感知的角度,构建社区参与乡村旅游影响因素作用机制模型,研究影响因素对乡村旅游社区参与度的影响效应,从而得出提高乡村旅游社区参与度依据,促进乡村旅游持续、健康发展。本文对社区一体化理论、社会资本理论、可持续发展理论等理论进行梳理分析,从社区居民感知的角度,通过对旅游开发基础认知、社会资本、政府支持力度感知三个影响因子对参与旅游态度之间关系的研究,旅游开发基础认知、社会资本、政府支持力度感知、参与旅游态度、参与能力五个影响因子对社区参与度之间关系的研究,构建了社区参与乡村旅游影响因素作用机制模型,并提出8个假设,设计了影响因素、社区参与度评价量表。本文通过问卷调研的方式获取相关数据,使用SPSS23.0软件、AMOS21.0软件对数据进行分析,对模型和假设进行验证,8个假设均成立,得出了社会资本、政府支持力度感知、旅游开发基础认知对参与旅游态度的影响程度;社会资本、政府支持力度感知、旅游开发基础认知对乡村旅游社区参与度影响程度;参与旅游态度、参与能力对乡村旅游社区参与度的影响程度;并得出了参与态度在旅游开发基础认知和社区参与度、社会资本和社区参与度、政府支持力度感知与社区参与度之间的关系中具有中介作用。最后在假设检验结果的基础上,探究出影响因素与社区参与度的关系及相互间的作用机制,并在此基础上从培育社会资本、增大政府扶持力度、扩宽居民参与内容、强化居民参与能力、培养居民积极参与态度、加强乡村旅游宣传等方面提出策略建议。
[Abstract]:Rural tourism is an important topic of community development. Rural tourism plays an important role in adjusting the economic structure of the community, improving the living environment of the community residents and increasing the employment opportunities of the community residents. However, in the course of actual development, there are problems such as uneven distribution of benefits, over-utilization of resources, serious environmental health damage, etc. In particular, there is a tendency to "enclave" tourism management activities in some areas. Community residents become the main bearer of negative impact, the interests of community residents can not be protected. Therefore, the development of rural tourism must include the community residents, guide the community residents to participate in the development of rural tourism effectively, reasonably participate in the process of rural tourism development, balance the interests of the community residents, and attach importance to the demands and expectations of the community residents. To build a relatively harmonious participation environment for the community residents, make the residents take the initiative to participate, and promote the long-term and healthy development of community tourism. Community participation in rural tourism is affected by many factors, including economic factors, social factors, cultural factors and so on. This paper constructs the mechanism model of the influencing factors of community participation in rural tourism from the perspective of community residents' perception. This paper studies the effect of influencing factors on the participation of rural tourism communities, and obtains the basis of improving the participation of rural tourism communities, and promotes the sustained and healthy development of rural tourism. This paper analyzes the community integration theory, social capital theory, sustainable development theory and so on, from the perspective of community residents' perception, through the basic cognition of tourism development, social capital, The research on the relationship between the three factors of government support, the basic cognition of tourism development, social capital, government support perception, participation in tourism attitude; This paper studies the relationship between the five factors of participation ability and community participation, constructs a model of the mechanism of the influencing factors of community participation in rural tourism, and puts forward eight hypotheses, designs the influencing factors and community participation evaluation scale. This paper obtains the relevant data through questionnaire investigation, analyzes the data by using SPSS23.0 software and AMOS21.0 software, validates the model and hypothesis, eight hypotheses are all valid, and obtains the social capital, the government support strength perception. The influence of basic cognition of tourism development on the attitude of tourism participation; The social capital, the government support intensity perception, the tourism development foundation cognition to the rural tourism community participation degree, the participation tourism attitude, the participation ability to the rural tourism community participation degree influence degree; It is concluded that participatory attitude plays an intermediary role in the relationship between the basic cognition of tourism development, community participation, social capital and community participation, the perception of government support and community participation. Finally, on the basis of the hypothesis test results, the relationship between the influencing factors and the community participation and the interaction mechanism are explored, and on this basis, the social capital is cultivated, the government supports the government, and the residents' participation content is broadened. Strengthen the ability of residents to participate, cultivate the attitude of active participation of residents, strengthen the rural tourism publicity, and put forward some suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F592.7;F327

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