当下中国网络民意与政策议程建构互动关系分析

发布时间：2018-01-07 13:24

本文关键词：当下中国网络民意与政策议程建构互动关系分析　出处：《南京大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：网络已经成为一个众声喧哗的舆论场,这里既有网民的自由狂欢,也有国家的严密监视,既有知识分子的理性参政,也有娱乐一族的政治冷漠。这是一个多元复杂的所在。但是不可否认,就是这样一个多元复杂的所在,正在逐渐改变我国的政策议程建构。如今的网络民意,已然不是小众群体的意见表达,更不是没有逻辑毫无意义的牢骚和抱怨。网民们已经开始带着诚意和理性,积极争取参与到我国公共政策体系中来。当此背景,研究网络民意和政策议程的关系,对于优化我国公共政策议程设置,提高公共政策研究和实践的民主化、科学化水平,具有极大的促进作用。本文研究的创新之处在于以网络民意和政策议程的互动关系为出发点,分析网络民意推动政策议程设置的三种模式,在分析网络民意和政策议程的互动关系过程中,将网络议程作为独立于政府议程、民众议程和媒体议程之外的一种议程来看待,而不是简单将其混同于政府议程、民众议程或媒体议程,力图寻找出将网络民意转化为政策议程的机制,使得网络作为一种工具,能够更好地促进我国公共政策发展。通过分析,本文得出如下结论：网络民意纳入公共政策议程,既有独立性、代表性和真实性等理论可行性,也有网民数量庞大、网民素质提升和网络平台发展等现实可行性。网络民意在推动我国公共政策议程建立的过程中,已经发挥了积极作用。按照作用发挥的方式和路径,可以总结归纳为三种模式,即线上与线下参与模式、抵制与不合作模式、多主体隐性联盟模式。尽管,网络民意对于政策议程建构起到了重要推动作用,但是仍有一些障碍性因素存在,所以,要想将政策议程建构中网络民意的作用发挥到最大,还需要有更多理论、体系和制度方面的设计。本文主体包括五大部分：其一对议题进行了考察；其二建构了理论基础和分析框架；其三选取典型案例进行深入分析；其四分析存在的问题并寻找解决之道；最后寻求网络民意与政策议程良性互动的优化之道。本文借用了公共政策议程建构的一般模式、王绍光提出的中国公共政策议程设置的六种模式,以及约翰·金登的多源流政策议程模型。基于对网络民意推动政策议程的典型案例分析,总结出了线上与线下参与模式、抵制与不合作模式、多主体隐性联盟模式三种模式。在分析这三种模式的内在机理时,借鉴了约翰·金登的多源流分析思路。通过上述分析,基本将网络民意推动政策议程的过程解剖出来。在此基础上,本文探讨了网络民意推动政策议程过程中存在的阻碍性因素,包括主要从合法性困境、权力困境和体制困境三个方面展开讨论。合法性困境包括网络民意的非组织化、非制度化和主体缺失的特性。权利困境包括压力型的绩效考评体制、稳定压倒一切的心态、父爱主义的执政风格和俘获一切的权力惯性。体制困境包括政治体制的弹性不足、行政系统的外部封闭性和“内输入”的信息传递途径。紧接着,本文依次对可能的解决之道进行了分析。最后,探讨了网络民意纳入政策议程的路径。通过理论分析和对现实制度安排的考察,本文提出了三种路径建设,即理念建设：确立网权概念；环境建设：优化网络监管；制度建设：建设完善网络问政平台、网络发言人和微博问政三种制度形式。
[Abstract]:The network has become a cacophonous public opinion field, both the free Carnival of Internet users, but also the close surveillance of the country, both rational political participation, also have the entertainment people's political apathy. This is a complex problem. But we can't deny that this is a diverse and complex place, is gradually changing the policy agenda construction in our country. Now the network public opinion, expression is not the views of minority groups, no more than the logic of pointless whining and complaining. Netizens have started with sincerity and rational, actively involved in the system of public policy in our country. In this context, research on the relationship between the network of public opinion and policy agenda setting, for optimizing China's public policy agenda, improve public policy research and practice of democratization, scientific level, has a great role in promoting.
The innovation of this paper lies in the interaction between the network of public opinion and policy agenda as a starting point, analysis of network public opinion to promote the three modes of policy agenda setting, in the process of interaction between network public opinion and policy agenda analysis, the network agenda is independent from the government agenda, an agenda and public agenda of the media agenda to look at, rather than simply be confused with the government agenda, public agenda or the media agenda, the paper tries to find out the mechanism of network public opinion into the policy agenda, making the network as a tool to better promote the development of public policy in China. Through the analysis, this article draws the following conclusion: the network of public opinion into public policy agenda both, independence, representation and authenticity of the theoretical feasibility, also have a huge number of Internet users, Internet users quality and network platform. The practical feasibility of the network of public opinion In the process of promoting China's public policy agenda establishment, has played a positive role. According to the role played by the way, can be summarized into three modes, namely participation mode online and offline, resistance and non cooperative mode, mode of tacit alliance. However, the network of public opinion for the construction of policy agenda plays an important role, but there are still some obstacles, therefore, to the public policy agenda construction in the network to maximize the role, but also need more theory, system design and system.
This paper mainly includes five parts: one on the agenda for the study; second construction of the theoretical basis and analysis framework; the three typical cases in-depth analysis; the analysis of the existing problems and find solutions; finally seek the optimization of network public opinion and policy agenda interaction. This paper borrows the general mode of public the policy agenda, six modes of Chinese public policy agenda proposed by Wang Shaoguang and John Kingdon set, the multiple stream policy agenda analysis model. A typical case to promote the policy agenda based on public opinion on the Internet, summed up the participation mode of online and offline, resistance and non cooperation mode, tacit alliance mode in three modes. Study on inner mechanism of the three modes, draws on John Kingdon's multiple streams analysis method. Through the above analysis, the basic network of public opinion to promote The policy agenda were anatomical. On this basis, this paper discusses the network of public opinion to promote the existence of the policy agenda in the process of hindering factors, including mainly from the three aspects of legitimacy dilemma, power difficulties and institutional difficulties were discussed. The legitimacy dilemma including network public opinion characteristics of non organization, non institutionalized and the absence of the subject right. Difficulties include pressure based performance appraisal system, stability is of overriding importance mentality, paternalism ruling style and capture all the power of inertia. Lack of institutional difficulties including the political system flexibility, external administrative system closed and "input" information transmission way. Then, the thesis analyzes the possible the solution is discussed. Finally, the network of public opinion into the path of the policy agenda. Through theoretical analysis and inspection arrangements for the real system, this paper puts forward three kinds of path construction Set up, namely concept construction: establish the concept of network power; environmental construction: optimize network supervision; system construction: construct and perfect three platforms of network governance platform, network spokesman and micro-blog government.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F49;D630

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