信息通信技术作为服务业突破性技术的研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 12:04

本文关键词： 信息通信技术通用目的技术服务业劳动生产率 ICT 密集型　出处：《北京邮电大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪90年代以来,以微电子、计算机、通信和网络技术为代表的信息通信技术得到了迅猛发展,其普及和应用对经济增长和社会转型产生了重要的影响。ICT在各服务行业已经广泛应用,且已渗透至服务业务运营流程的各个环节,优化了服务模式、增加了服务业内容、提高了服务产品质量、拓展了服务业领域,已经成为服务业突破性发展的关键技术。目前,服务业已经成为我国产业结构优化升级的重点,推动现代服务业的发展已经被提到了战略高度。而现代服务业发展依托最基础、最重要的技术是信息通信技术。因此研究信息通信技术对服务业的作用,具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文着重研究三个问题：信息通信技术是否是一种通用目的技术；信息通信技术如何促进服务业的增长,其中包括信息通信技术促进服务业生产率增长的机理；信息通信技术在我国服务业中的应用程度和对我国服务业增长的促进作用。通用目的技术三个判别特征为技术动力性、普遍使用性和创新促进性。本文从美国、英国等发达国家的ICT产品恒定质量价格指数、ICT资本存量、专利等数据入手证明了信息通信技术完全符合这三个特征。通过中国的ICT产品恒定质量价格指数、ICT中间投入、专利数据论证了信息通信技术在中国也展现了通用目的技术的特征。对于信息通信技术对服务业增长的作用,本文从三个方面进行解释：信息通信技术提高了与信息相关的服务业的劳动生产率；促进了服务业与制造业以及服务业内部的融合渗透,创造了新需求,增加服务业的深度；促进了服务业国际贸易的发展,拓展服务业的广度。此外,就信息通信技术提升服务业生产率的机理进行详细分析,也包括三个方面：基于信息通信技术产生了网上交易方式,降低了服务交易各环节的交易成本,为产品价格下降提供基础,最终提升了服务交易规模,实现了规模效益；产生了新的服务方式,加速了物品、信息和资金“三流”的流动；带来了新的管理方式,提升了企业内部和各产业链环节的效率。利用投入产出法,从直接消耗系数和中间投入占比的角度入手,分析ICT在中国服务业的应用强度。根据应用强度将服务业分为ICT密集型服务业和非ICT密集型服务业,ICT密集型服务业劳动生产率和劳动生产率的增长均要高于非ICT密集型服务业。之后,建立了以服务增加值占比为因变量,ICT密集型服务业增加值占比、人均消费额、人均工业增加值以及城镇人口占比等四个指标为自变量的估计模型。分析了1995年至2010年的数据,结果发现ICT密集型服务业增加值占比每提升1%,能够带动服务业增加值在GDP中的占比提升0.698%。从而也说明了信息通信技术对服务业的增长有较显著的正向影响。最后,从信息基础设施建设,服务业信息技术投资,密集型服务业的发展和服务业人才培养等四个方面提出了相关建议。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, with microelectronics, computer, information and communication technology and network communication technology as the representative of the rapid development, the popularization and application of the important effect of.ICT has been widely used in service industry on economic growth and social transformation, and each link has penetrated to the service business operation process, optimize the service mode. Increase of services, improve service quality, expand the service sector, the service industry has become a key technology breakthrough. At present, the service industry has become the focus of optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure of our country, promote the development of modern service industry has been referred to the strategic height. But the development of modern service industry based on the the foundation, the most important is the information and communication technology. So the study of information communication technology on the role of services, has important theoretical and practical significance.
This paper focuses on three issues: whether the information communication technology is a kind of general purpose technologies; how the information and communication technology to promote the growth of services, including information and communication technology to promote the mechanism of service industry productivity growth; application level and on China's service industry promote the growth of information and communication technology in our country in service industry.
Three general purpose technologies for dynamic feature technology, the widespread use of innovation and promotion. This article from the United States, Britain and other developed countries ICT product quality constant price index, ICT capital stock, patent data of that information and communication technology is fully consistent with the three features. The China ICT constant quality price products ICT index, intermediate input, patent data demonstrates that information and communication technologies in China also show the characteristics of general purpose technologies.
For information and communication technology on growth of service industry, this paper explained from three aspects: information and communication technology to improve the information associated with the service industry labor productivity; to promote the integration of internal service industry and the manufacturing industry and service industry, creating new demand, increase the depth of service industry; promote the development of international trade in services, expand the breadth of services. In addition, a detailed analysis on the mechanism of information communication technology to enhance productivity in the service sector, including three aspects: information and communication technology based on the online transactions, reduce transaction costs of each link of the service trade, provide the basis for product prices, and ultimately enhance the service the size of the transaction, to achieve economies of scale; create new services, to accelerate the flow of information and capital goods, "three"; has brought a new management mode, provided The efficiency of the internal and industrial chain of the enterprise has been promoted.
Using the input-output method, the direct consumption coefficient and intermediate inputs accounted for the perspective of application of strength analysis of ICT in Chinese service industry. According to the application of service industry strength will be divided into ICT and non ICT intensive service intensive services, ICT intensive service industry labor productivity and labor productivity growth are higher than non ICT intensive service industry. After that, a proportion of the added value as the dependent variable to increase services, ICT intensive services accounted for ratio, per capita consumption, per capita industrial added value and the urban population accounted for four ratio index as independent variable estimation model. Analysis of the 1995 to 2010 data, the ICT was found to increase intensive services value accounted for every increase of 1%, to promote the service industry added value in the proportion of GDP 0.698%. which also explains a significant effect on growth of information and communication technology services.
Finally, it puts forward relevant suggestions from four aspects, including information infrastructure construction, service industry information technology investment, intensive service industry development and service industry personnel training.

【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F49;F719

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