重构基于“现实”假设的决策理论

发布时间：2018-03-08 11:48

本文选题：理性　切入点：非理性　出处：《东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2007年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：决策者作为现实生活中的人,是理性与非理性的结合体。追求自身利益最大化只是人类的理性本性之所在,决策者在各种现实约束条件下追求其自身利益的最大化;经济利益只是决策者价值判断准则体系中一部分,尤其在纯经济决策中,经济利益是价值的主体,但并不排除其它非理性价值因素对决策者价值判断的影响。现实的决策价值准则体系既包含理性的经济利益,也包含非理性的情感偏好、习俗、文化、宗教等因素;决策者的决策能力既包含理性认知能力又包含非理性认知能力。理性认知能力不仅是有限的(西蒙的假设),而且还是动态变化的。非理性认知能力(非逻辑思维)是创新性决策不可或缺的要素,与理性认知能力一样,非理性认知能力也具有变量特征,它同样因人而异,因时而异。因此,基于“现实”假设的决策理论,遵循受现实约束条件限制的最大化原则,决策价值准则体系既包含经济理性,又包含其它非理性因素,决策思维方式既包含理性的逻辑思维又包含非理性的感性思维,基于“现实”假设的决策理论是理性与非理性的整合。
[Abstract]:As the people in real life, the decision-makers are the combination of rationality and irrationality. The pursuit of maximization of their own interests is only the rational nature of human beings, and the decision-makers pursue the maximization of their own interests under various practical constraints. Economic interest is only a part of the criterion system of decision-maker 's value judgment, especially in pure economic decision, economic benefit is the main body of value. But it does not exclude the influence of other irrational value factors on the value judgment of decision-makers. The realistic decision value criterion system includes not only rational economic interests, but also irrational emotional preferences, customs, culture, religion and other factors. The decision making ability of decision makers includes both rational and irrational cognitive ability. Rational cognitive ability is not only limited (Simon's hypothesis, but also dynamic.) irrational cognitive ability (non-logical thinking). Is an indispensable element of innovative decision-making, Like rational cognitive ability, irrational cognitive ability also has variable characteristics, which is also different from person to person and from time to time. Therefore, the decision theory based on the hypothesis of "reality" follows the principle of maximization restricted by realistic constraints. The decision value criterion system includes not only economic rationality, but also other irrational factors. The mode of decision thinking includes both rational logical thinking and irrational perceptual thinking. The theory of decision-making based on the hypothesis of reality is the integration of rationality and irrationality.
【作者单位】：南京大学新闻传播学院
【分类号】：C934

【共引文献】