决策效用、体验效用与幸福

发布时间：2018-03-11 20:37

本文选题：决策效用　切入点：体验效用　出处：《经济研究》2014年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：幸福的概念无论从理论范畴还是从实际应用方面均需得到进一步明晰。为此,本文基于效用论的历史演变和最新进展,探讨了幸福的内涵、性质与决定因素。研究发现,效用内涵可被区分为决策效用与体验效用两个方面,其中前者对应于新古典经济学强调的效用的欲求含义,而后者为古典经济学偏重的效用的快乐含义。据此本文进一步提出,幸福应是体验效用的一个子集,它指个体从实际结果与可接受结果的差异中获取的满足感。这一定义意味着幸福更受结果的相对变化的影响,而对结果的绝对水平不敏感,这可作为构造幸福函数的基本原则,从而避免在选取幸福的解释变量时出现泛化倾向。其政策启示是,当政府将提升居民幸福纳入施政目标时,政策设计的依据不应局限于各种效果指标的绝对值,还应重视这些指标的相对变化,否则将会导致居民的"被幸福"。
[Abstract]:The concept of happiness should be clarified both in theory and in practice. Therefore, based on the historical evolution and recent development of utility theory, this paper discusses the connotation, nature and determinants of happiness. The meaning of utility can be divided into two aspects: decision utility and experiential utility. The former corresponds to the meaning of desire of utility emphasized by neoclassical economics, while the latter is the meaning of pleasure of utility which is emphasized by classical economics. Happiness should be a subset of experiential utility, which refers to the satisfaction that individuals derive from the difference between actual and acceptable outcomes. This definition means that happiness is more affected by relative changes in outcomes and is insensitive to the absolute level of results. This can be used as a basic principle for constructing a happiness function, thus avoiding a tendency to generalize when selecting explanatory variables for happiness. The basis of policy design should not be limited to the absolute value of various effect indicators, but also pay attention to the relative changes of these indicators, otherwise, it will lead to the "happiness" of the residents.
【作者单位】：南开大学经济学院经济研究所;上海行政学院经济和管理学教研部;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“经济稳定增长前提下优化投资与消费的动态关系研究”(12&ZD088) 国家自然科学基金青年项目“短视认知偏差、偏好动态不一致与地方政府投资中的冲动或拖延:机制分析与管理建议”(71103094)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：C934;C913

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