一个有害物品填埋场选址的决策支持系统

发布时间：2018-05-17 06:27

本文选题：有害物品 + 选址　；参考：《系统工程理论与实践》1997年11期

【摘要】：有害物品对环境和人类的危害正在日益加深，对于象中国这样的发展中国家来说有害物品的产量大、危害严重而处理率低。将各人口中心（如城镇）产生的有害物品运送到指定地点（填埋场）集中处理和存放是一条既经济又在技术上可行的方法。本文描述了一个支持有害物品填埋场选址优化决策的决策支持系统。该系统是一集成化的优化系统，它通过以下三个步骤完成优化决策：生成模型、优化模型、打印结果报告。有害物品填埋场选址问题一般涉及以下因素：第一，效率或成本，即填埋场同相关有害物品产生地间的总运输成本；第二，风险，即由于填埋场中的有害物品及运送有害物品的车辆会给填理场及沿途附近环境带来潜在的危害，因而象城镇这样的人口密集地均不希望靠近填埋场及所经路线；第三，风险公平性，填埋场选址的风险可能强加在一部分人头上而使其它相关群体没有或只有很少风险。本文在一个ＤＳＳ上实现了考虑上述目标的模型及优化算法，决策者可按组合方式构造特定情形下的优化选址模型，，利用权衡表技术帮助决策者在有冲突目标的方案选择时对各种目标的权衡及其结果有直观地感受。本文对于选址问题的求解是基于优化算法的，因而它可以有效地求解相当复杂的同类问题。
[Abstract]:Harmful goods are becoming more and more harmful to the environment and human beings. For developing countries such as China, the production of harmful goods is large, the harm is serious and the disposal rate is low. It is an economical and technically feasible method to transport hazardous materials produced by population centers, such as towns, to designated sites (landfills) for centralized processing and storage. This paper describes a decision support system (DSS) to support the decision on the location optimization of hazardous items landfills. The system is an integrated optimization system, which completes the optimization decision through three steps: generating model, optimizing model and printing result report. The following factors are generally involved in the selection of landfill sites for hazardous items: first, efficiency or cost, that is, the total transportation cost between the landfill and the sites where the hazardous substances are produced; second, risks, That is, because hazardous substances in landfills and vehicles transporting hazardous substances may cause potential harm to the environment in and around filling sites and along the way, densely populated places such as towns do not wish to be close to landfills and routes; third, Risk equity the risk of landfill location may be imposed on some people so that other related groups have no or only a few risks. In this paper, a model and an optimization algorithm based on a DSS are implemented. The decision maker can construct the optimal location model in a specific case in a combined manner. The tradeoff table technique is used to help the decision makers to feel the tradeoffs and their results of conflicting objectives directly. In this paper, the solution of the location problem is based on the optimization algorithm, so it can effectively solve quite complex similar problems.
【作者单位】：西安交通大学管理学院
【分类号】：C934

【参考文献】