低功耗便携式RFID阅读器的软硬件设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-02 18:03

本文关键词：低功耗便携式RFID阅读器的软硬件设计与实现　出处：《北方工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 射频识别 ISO14443 低功耗阅读器

【摘要】：射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification,简称RFID),作为物联网建设关键的一环,起着信息采集和获取的作用,被广泛应用于交通、城市生活、医疗、物流等领域。射频识别技术有很多不同的协议标准,不同的协议所使用的环境也不同,但都主要包括了两个部分：RFID阅读器和电子标签。阅读器通过无线感应的方式和电子标签进行通信,将电子标签中的信息读取出来或把信息写入电子标签。本课题完成的是13.56MHz下近距离RFID阅读器的软硬件设计,设计的重点是阅读器整体的低功耗和便携性,以使阅读器应用在无电源供电的环境中。本文首先介绍了国内外RFID系统的发展现状和目前RFID技术发展所面临的问题,然后通过对RFID技术所涉及的理论进行分析,明确了RFID阅读器天线设计的重点,进而进行了便携式RFID阅读器的整体设计,从结构上把阅读器划分为控制显示部分和高频部分。数字控制部分主要包括MCU控制模块、电源模块、显示模块和USB通信模块。MCU采用TI公司的MSP430芯片实现MCU控制单元的功能,电源模块采用锂亚电池和太阳能双供电的模式,增加了阅读器的续航能力。显示模块使用低功耗QLED显示屏,将Mifare卡上采集到的信息显示出来。高频模块由13.56MHz高频收发单元和相应的匹配电路组成。高频芯片采用非接触式读写卡芯片RC522,天线采用直接匹配电路的方式,通过设计天线匹配电路使高频发射部分的谐振达到13.56MHz。软件部分按照国际近耦合IC卡标准ISO14443协议编写RC522读写卡代码,具体代码模块设计包括了系统初始化、RC522初始化、寻卡、防冲突、选卡、认证,然后对卡进行读写操作,最后终止程序,最终结合阅读器硬件完成读卡将结果显示在显示屏上。本课题制作了阅读器的PCB板,进行了电路测试,在CCS集成环境下将软件下载到PCB板,进行阅读器的在线调试,经过软件的调试,OBU能够正确的读卡,并能将结果显示在显示屏上。
[Abstract]:Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a key link in the construction of Internet of things. It is widely used in transportation, city life, medical treatment, logistics and other fields. RFID technology has many different protocol standards, different protocols used in different environments. But they mainly include two parts: RFID reader and electronic tag. The reader communicates with electronic tag through wireless sensor. To read or write information from an electronic tag. In this paper, the hardware and software design of the close range RFID reader at 13.56MHz is completed. The emphasis of the design is the low power consumption and portability of the reader as a whole. In order to make the reader applied in the environment without power supply, this paper first introduces the development status of RFID system at home and abroad and the problems faced by the development of RFID technology. Then through the analysis of the theory of RFID technology, the emphasis of antenna design of RFID reader is defined, and then the overall design of portable RFID reader is carried out. The reader is divided into control display section and high frequency part from the structure. Digital control part mainly includes MCU control module, power module, display module and USB communication module. MCU uses TI's MSP430 chip to realize the function of MCU control unit. The power module uses lithium sub-battery and solar dual power mode to increase the reader's ability to live. The display module uses low-power QLED display. Display the information collected on the Mifare card. The high frequency module is composed of 13.56MHz high frequency transceiver unit and corresponding matching circuit. The high frequency chip adopts the non-contact read-write card chip RC522, and the antenna adopts the way of direct matching circuit. By designing the antenna matching circuit, the resonance of the high frequency transmitting part can reach 13.56 MHz. In the software part, the code of RC522 read-write card is written according to the standard ISO14443 protocol of the international near-coupling IC card. The specific code module design includes the initialization of RC522 and the searching of the card. Anti-collision, card selection, authentication, and then read and write to the card, the final termination of the program, finally combined with reader hardware to complete the card reading results will be displayed on the display screen. In this paper, the PCB board of the reader is made, the circuit is tested, the software is downloaded to the PCB board under the CCS integrated environment, and the reader is debugged online, after the debugging of the software. The OBU can read the card correctly and display the results on the screen.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP391.44

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