纯电动公交车区域行车计划编制模型及算法研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 02:13

本文关键词：纯电动公交车区域行车计划编制模型及算法研究　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：众所周知,公共交通具有载运量大、人均能耗小、人均道路使用率高、人均污染小等优点,优先发展城市公交是解决当前城市交通拥挤、空气污染的良好措施。对于从事公交供给的公交公司,公交调度计划是其运营生产的重要依据,公交调度计划一般包括4个基本过程,线网设计,时刻表编制,行车计划编制,司售人员排班。公交车辆行车计划的科学编制是公交车辆运营调度的核心内容之一是整个公交公司车辆运作的基本指导,是进行实时调度的依据,其编制及优化是否合理,直接影响企业的生产效率、经济效益和服务质量。此问题一直是运筹学、组合数学、图论、计算机应用、网络分析、物流学等学科专家以及行车计划制定者和管理者极为重视的问题。传统的单线行车模式是一种低效益的模式,致使政府对公交补贴常年居高不下。而区域公交行车模式使人员和车辆面向多条线路进行统一配置,它可以利用客流在空间和时间上的不平衡性优化运力资源的利用,被广泛认为是一种能够发挥规模效应的先进模式,已经渐成为当今城市公交发展趋势之一。国内目前关于公交行车计划编制的仍需进一步深入研究,如何高效、快速地编制公交行车计划,是困扰公交公司的一个重要难题。随着公众节约能源和环境保护意识的增强以及国家“绿色交通”战略的提出,纯电动公交车在城市公交车队中从无到有,并且所占比重稳步提升。鉴于电动公交车行驶里程的限制和充电时长限制,为促进纯电动公交车规模化运营,针对纯电动公交车存在的现实约束,进行行车计划编制问题的研究十分迫切。文章首先对国内外区域行车计划编制问题的研究发展进行了综述,分析了行车计划编制的不同类型。在时空网络下,以纯电动车作为公共交通工具,统筹考虑所需车辆数、空驶时间、等待时间,且通过转化为费用,使多目标转化为单位统一的单目标问题,考虑纯电动公交车行驶里程限制、充电时间约束、车场容量等约束,建立以车次链为变量的集合分割模型。区域多车场行车计划被证明为NP难问题,启发式或者智能算法成为求解此种问题的主流。文章应用遗传算法,用matlab语言程序对模型进行求解,求得编制周期内的车辆行车计划。结合某市的公交时刻表,对模型应用进行分析探讨,验证了模型和算法具有很好的实用价值,为纯电动公交车的规模化应用和区域行车模式的推广做了必要的理论和技术铺垫。
[Abstract]:As everyone knows, the public traffic is carrying a large amount, per capita energy consumption, per capita road utilization rate is high, has the advantages of low pollution per capita, giving priority to the development of city bus is to solve the city traffic congestion, good measures of air pollution. For the supply of public transportation bus company, bus scheduling plan is an important basis for the production operation, bus scheduling the plan includes 4 basic processes, line network design, time table, vehicle scheduling, crew scheduling. Transit vehicle plan scientific establishment is one of the core contents of public transport scheduling is the basic guidance for the operation of the vehicle bus company, is the basis of real-time scheduling, the compilation and optimization is reasonable. Directly affect the enterprise production efficiency, economic benefit and quality of service. This issue has been operational research, combinatorics, graph theory, computer applications, network analysis, logistics Experts and traffic planners and managers attach great importance to the problem. The traditional mode of single lane is a low efficiency mode, resulting in the government of the bus and perennial high subsidies. Regional bus traffic patterns to personnel and vehicles of unified configuration for multi line, which can be used by the passenger flow in space and time the imbalance of the optimization of transport resources, is widely regarded as an advanced model to play a scale effect, has gradually become one of the city's public transportation development trend. At present on the bus scheduling is still need further study, how to efficiently and quickly developed public transport plan is an important and difficult problem by the bus company. With the enhancement of public awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection as well as the national "green transportation" strategy, the pure electric bus in the city From the city bus fleet, and the proportion has increased steadily. In view of the mileage of electric bus restrictions and charge time limit, for the promotion of pure electric bus operators scale, according to the realistic constraints of pure electric bus, the research of vehicle scheduling problem is very urgent. Firstly, research and development of domestic and foreign regional traffic planning staffing issues were reviewed, analyzed the different types of traffic planning. In the time-space network, YISHION electric vehicle as public transport, and consider the required number of vehicles, empty time, waiting time, and through the transformation cost, the multi-objective was transformed into single objective problem unit, consider pure electric the bus mileage limit, charging time constraints, yard capacity constraints, to establish chain variable partition number model. Regional multi vehicle driving plan by field That is a NP hard problem, a heuristic intelligent algorithm has become the mainstream or solve this kind problem. The application of genetic algorithm to solve the model using MATLAB language program, the preparation period of traffic plan. According to a city bus timetable, discussed the application of the model, the proposed model and algorithm has very good practical the value of the theoretical and technical base necessary for the promotion of large-scale applications and the driving mode of the electric bus.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U492.22

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