基于智能天线的UHF RFID阅读器的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-01-11 15:12

本文关键词：基于智能天线的UHF RFID阅读器的研究与设计　出处：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：物联网被誉为全球经济发展的动力和第三次信息技术革命,是21世纪最伟大的科研技术之一,它推动了世界经济和科技发展。作为物联网关键技术之一的射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技术是一种非接触式的自动识别无线通信技术,其基本原理是利用射频信号的空间耦合特性实现自动识别物体所携带信息。RFID技术广泛应用于智能交通、现代化医疗、防伪技术领域、物流领域、安全防护等领域。阅读器作为射频识别系统中的关键部分,它是存储和管理标签数据信息的应用系统和标签的桥梁。虽然RFID产品广泛应用于各领域,但现在还有一些亟待解决的技术问题影响着RFID阅读器的发展,比如标签的识别效率低、识别距离近、应用到定位中时定位精度低等问题。针对此问题,在现有防碰撞算法的基础上,本文提出了一种智能波束切换算法,并研制了一种基于智能天线的UHF RFID阅读器。文中详细阐述了智能波束切换算法的设计思路和阅读器系统在硬件、软件两个方面的具体设计方案。算法方面主要描述了智能波束切换算法的设计思路以及在碰撞率、功率消耗、识别率方面的优点。在硬件设计方面,本阅读器系统采用ARM芯片K60作为基带控制部分的主控芯片,AS3992作为射频收发芯片,同时包括滤波器、功率放大器、功率分配器和移相器、定向耦合器等模块共同构成整个射频收发链路。软件设计方面,主要完成了阅读器对标签的读写操作以及智能波束切换算法。最后,设计出阅读器系统电路,对阅读器电路进行了焊接、调试以及测试。本阅读器系统支持ISO/IEC18000-6C协议,工作频率范围是902MHz～928MHz,最远识别距离可达20米,而且通过采用智能波束切换算法,阅读器系统在碰撞率、功率消耗、识别率、定位精度等方面的性能都有明显提高。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things, known as the driving force of global economic development and the third information technology revolution, is one of the greatest scientific research technologies in 21th century. As one of the key technologies in the Internet of things, radio frequency identification (RFID) Frequency Identification has been promoted in the world. RFID is a non-contact automatic recognition wireless communication technology. Its basic principle is to use the spatial coupling characteristics of radio frequency signal to realize automatic identification of the information carried by objects. RFID technology is widely used in the fields of intelligent transportation, modern medical treatment, anti-counterfeiting technology and logistics. As a key part of RFID system, reader is the bridge of storing and managing tag data information. Although RFID products are widely used in various fields. However, there are still some technical problems that need to be solved to affect the development of RFID readers, such as low recognition efficiency of tags, close recognition distance, low positioning accuracy when applied to positioning, and so on. Based on the existing anti-collision algorithms, an intelligent beam-switching algorithm is proposed in this paper. A UHF RFID reader based on smart antenna is developed. The design idea of intelligent beam-switching algorithm and the hardware of the reader system are described in detail. The algorithm mainly describes the design idea of intelligent beam-switching algorithm and the advantages in collision rate, power consumption, recognition rate. In this system, ARM chip K60 is used as the main control chip of the baseband control part, and AS3992 is used as RF transceiver chip, which includes filter, power amplifier, power divider and phase shifter. Directional coupler and other modules together constitute the whole RF transceiver link. In software design, the reader read and write operation of tag and intelligent beam switching algorithm are mainly completed. Finally, the reader system circuit is designed. The reader circuit is welded, debugged and tested. The reader system supports ISO/IEC18000-6C protocol, and the working frequency range is 902MHz / 928MHz. The maximum recognition distance is up to 20 meters, and the performance of the reader system in collision rate, power consumption, recognition rate, positioning accuracy and so on is obviously improved by adopting intelligent beam-switching algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5

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