铁路货运价格制定辅助决策系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 03:35

本文选题：铁路货运　切入点：比价关系　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自货运改革以来,我国铁路逐步走向市场,铁路货运也在向现代物流转变。特别的,政府放松了对铁路运价的管制,允许铁路运输企业在政府指导下自主定价,极大地推动了铁路的市场化进程。同时,政府也提出了国铁货运价格的制定应参照与公路的合理比价关系(国发[2013]33号文件),为铁路运价市场化改革指明了方向。然而,在铁路企业实际的定价过程中存在着运价决策相关信息量大,部门间信息传递脱节等问题,再加上企业运价制定及审批流程相对繁琐,最终造成了铁路运价制定的复杂性和滞后性,提高了企业管理成本,降低了市场竞争力。因此,如何实现对决策信息管理的高效化以及价格制定的信息化和智能化,是铁路运输企业亟待解决的问题。本文主要就我国铁路货运价格制定辅助决策系统的分析、设计及构建进行了相关研究。首先对国内外公、铁、水、空四种运输方式的运价信息管理系统以及定价调价辅助决策系统的研究进展进行了系统的对比分析,确立了论文的研究内容、方法和技术路线。其次,对我国铁路货运价格制定的现状进行分析,结合我国铁路货改以来主要的定价策略及问题,确定了目标系统采用的铁路定价模型算法。在此之后,构建基于交通运输效能的公铁比价模型,选取十二项效能指标对公路与铁路运输进行了综合比较,并利用各种运输方式的固定资产投资占比作为修正系数对计算结果加以修正,最终得出公铁货运价格的比例关系。接下来,结合对企业需求的调研分析,对目标系统的功能需求、非功能需求,系统用例、业务流程、数据流程等进行了较为全面的分析,为系统设计提供指导。然后,在系统分析的基础上对目标系统的结构、功能模块和数据库进行了详细的设计与构建。最后,完成系统开发,实现了系统用户信息管理、基础数据管理、数据统计分析、辅助价格决策、风险预警管理等功能,为铁路运输企业货运价格的制定提供了技术工具和决策支持。
[Abstract]:Since the reform of freight transport, China's railways have gradually moved to the market, and railway freight is also changing to modern logistics. In particular, the government has relaxed the control of railway freight rates and allowed railway transport enterprises to set prices independently under the guidance of the government. It has greatly promoted the marketization of railway. At the same time, the government has also proposed that the formulation of freight price of the national railway should refer to the reasonable price comparison with the highway (document No. 33 of Guofa [2013]), which pointed out the direction for the marketization reform of railway freight rate. In the actual pricing process of railway enterprises, there are some problems, such as the large amount of information related to the decision making of freight rates, the disconnection of information transmission between departments, and the relatively cumbersome process of establishing and approving the freight rates of enterprises. Finally, it causes the complexity and lag of railway freight pricing, increases the cost of enterprise management and reduces the market competitiveness. Therefore, how to realize the high efficiency of decision information management and the information and intelligence of price making, This paper mainly studies the analysis, design and construction of the auxiliary decision system for railway freight transport price in China. First of all, it studies the public, iron and water at home and abroad. This paper makes a systematic comparative analysis of the research progress of the freight information management system of the four empty transportation modes and the auxiliary decision system of pricing and price adjustment, and establishes the research contents, methods and technical routes of the paper. Secondly, Based on the analysis of the current situation of railway freight pricing in China, combined with the main pricing strategies and problems since the railway freight reform in China, the railway pricing model algorithm used in the target system is determined. Based on the traffic and transportation efficiency, this paper constructs a highway and railway price comparison model, selects 12 performance indexes to compare the highway and railway transport, and uses the fixed assets investment ratio of various transportation modes as the correction coefficient to revise the calculation results. Finally, the proportional relationship of freight freight price is obtained. Then, combining with the investigation and analysis of the enterprise demand, the paper makes a more comprehensive analysis of the target system's functional requirements, non-functional requirements, system use cases, business processes, data processes, etc. Then, on the basis of system analysis, the structure, function module and database of the target system are designed and constructed in detail. Finally, the system development is completed, and the user information management of the system is realized. The functions of basic data management, data statistical analysis, auxiliary price decision and risk early warning management provide technical tools and decision support for the establishment of freight price for railway transportation enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U294

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