炼钢连铸调度优化软件开发及应用

发布时间：2018-04-01 01:39

本文选题：炼钢连铸调度　切入点：出钢顺　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代大型炼钢厂炼钢连铸生产过程是由多个炉次（一台转炉内冶炼的钢水构成一个炉次），多个浇次(在同一台连铸机上连续浇铸的炉次集合构成一个浇次)，在多台转炉，多台、多种精炼炉，多台连铸机通过多种精炼方式组成。铁水通过转炉冶炼成钢水，然后倒入钢包（装载钢水的容器）。钢包通过天车和台车（运输设备）载运到精炼位进行一重或多重精炼(一个炉次在一台或多台精炼炉上加工，称为一重或多重精炼)。精炼后的钢水在倒入中间包（装载钢水的容器）后运送到连铸机，通过连铸机铸成板坯。炼钢连铸计划调度是在炉次的工艺路径即每个炉次加工工序总数以及每道工序的所选设备种类已知的条件下，以严格保证每个浇次内的炉次在连铸机连续浇铸以及同一设备上两相邻炉次之间不产生作业冲突即“不断浇，不冲突”为调度目标；以浇次在连铸机上开浇时间与该浇次的理想开浇时间差值大小以及相邻操作之间的炉次等待时间长短为节能降耗因素；在满足炉次在任意加工时间设备的唯一性和炉次在任意加工设备时间的连续性两个约束条件下，确定每个炉次在不同工序的加工设备以及在相应设备加工的开始时间；形成炼钢连铸生产作业时间表，即炼钢连铸计划调度。国内某大型钢厂目前的炼钢连铸调度以人工调度为主。因国内的钢厂一般都属于大型、高速、多种工艺路径混合的生产企业，，靠人工来进行炼钢生产调度难度很大。目前依靠人工排定的出钢顺计划只有连铸开浇时刻和转炉出钢终了时刻[16,17]，对于众多的与调度密切相关的炉外精炼设备，没有一个类似浇铸顺计划的火车时刻表，这样会导致在计划执行过程中，调度人员对执行结果没有一个直观的感性认识，容易造成物流堵塞或设备闲置，严重时还会造成钢水冻结、连铸断浇，影响宝钢炼钢生产的顺畅运行。为此，如何将调度人员的经验计算机化、快速生成出钢顺时刻表，以保证物流的畅通、提高生产效率，这是国内钢厂目前迫切需要解决的问题。本文所设计的炼钢连铸调度优化软件采用数学模型技术，计算出炼钢、精炼、连铸工序的火车时刻表（出钢顺计划时刻表），即炼钢连铸调度计划。本软件在根据现场的实际需求，设计了初始化模块、设备指派模块、模型生成模块、冲突揭晓模块以及数据保存模块，根据各个模块规定的功能，本文详细给出了调度规划软件系统的模块过程设计。对所采用的算法、程序流程进行了分析，设计出全部必要的过程细节，并给予明确的表述。基于本文所提出的炼钢连铸优化调度模型和算法开发了炼钢连铸调度软件。经在具有3重精炼方式、3台转炉、7台精炼炉和3台连铸机的某大型钢厂中对所提出的方法进行了工业实验，结果与已有现场的实验结果进行对比。炼钢连铸的实际生产数据对该过程优化调度算法进行仿真实验。结果表明：针对10组工业实验数据（每组数据含有3个浇次计划，炉次数在20-23个之间）进行工业实验，结果表明：采用优化方法制定生产调度表的时间平均为1.2秒小于实际生产调度表生成时间6秒；在各组工业实验案例中，炉次在连铸前的最大等待时间均小于2分33秒，偏离理想开浇时间最大值是3分11秒，所得时间远优于实际生产过程所求得的在铸机前的等待时间和偏离理想开浇时间的最大值。调度的实际生产数据对所研发的调度软件进行工业验证表明，本文所提出的优化调度方法是合理有效的，基于该方法所开发的软具有良好的性能，具有在钢铁工业广泛应用的前景。
[Abstract]:The modern large-scale steel plant of steelmaking and continuous casting production process is composed of a plurality of times (a furnace of molten steel in the converter smelting furnace, constitute a multiple (CAST) continuous casting in a continuous casting machine of furnace set consisting of a cast), converter, in multiple variety, refining furnace, casting machines through a variety of ways. By refining hot metal smelting into molten steel, and then poured into a ladle (container steel ladle). By crane and trolley (transportation equipment) to carry a heavy or a refining refining furnace (a multiple times in one or more refining furnace processing, called single or multiple). After refining refining of molten steel in the tundish (into container steel) after being transported to the continuous casting machine, casting machine through the cast slab.
In the process of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling is the time that each path of furnace furnace process and the total number of selected conditions known types of equipment each procedure under, to strictly ensure each cast within the furnace in continuous casting continuous casting machine and a device between two adjacent furnace without generating the operation conflict "continue pouring, no conflict" as the scheduling target; to cast in continuous casting machine casting and the casting ideal opened between the furnace casting time difference and adjacent operation duration of waiting for energy saving factors; in any furnace to meet the processing time of equipment and the uniqueness of the furnace in any time the continuous processing equipment two constraint conditions, determine each furnace with different processing equipment and processes in the corresponding processing equipment start time; the formation of casting production schedule of steelmaking, namely steelmaking and continuous casting plan Dispatch.
At present, the continuous casting scheduling in a large-scale steel plant in China based on manual scheduling. Because of the domestic steel mills generally belongs to large, high speed, production enterprises of various process path by artificial mixing, for steelmaking production scheduling is very difficult. At present, relying on artificial scheduled steel production plan only casting start time and end time for the [16,17] converter tapping. Many are closely related to the scheduling of refining equipment, do not have a similar plan along the train timetable in casting, it will lead to the implementation of the plan in the process of scheduling, no one understood the result, may cause the blockage or idle equipment, can also cause serious freezing of molten steel, continuous casting break Baosteel Steelmaking, affect the smooth running of production. Therefore, how to dispatch computer personnel, rapid generation of the steel production schedule, to ensure smooth logistics Pass, improve production efficiency, this is the domestic mills urgent problem need to be solved. In this paper, the design of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling system using mathematical model, calculate the steelmaking, refining, continuous casting process of the train timetable (Chu Gangshun schedule), namely steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling plan. According to the actual needs of the software in the field the design, initialization module, device assignment module, model generation module, conflict announcement module and the data storage module, each module according to the provisions of the function, the module design process planning and scheduling software system are given in detail. The algorithm and procedure of analysis, design and process all the necessary details. Give a clear statement.
The software development of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling optimization model and algorithm proposed in this paper. Based on the 3 with 3 sets of refining, converter, a large-scale steel plant 7 sets and 3 sets of refining furnace continuous casting machine in the proposed method of industrial experiment results and the experimental results are available contrast. The actual production data of steelmaking and continuous casting scheduling algorithm to optimize the simulation process. The results show that: for the 10 groups of industrial experimental data (data of each group containing 3 times in furnace casting plan, between 20-23) industrial experiments, the results show that the optimization method is adopted to make production schedule for an average of 1.2 seconds less than the actual production schedule generation time of 6 seconds in the experiment group; industrial furnace in the case, the maximum waiting time before casting was less than 2 minutes and 33 seconds, deviating from the ideal pouring time maximum is 3 minutes and 11 seconds, the The time is much better than that obtained by the process of actual production in casting machine before the waiting time and pouring time deviates from the ideal maximum. The research shows that scheduling software industrial production data scheduling, optimization scheduling method is presented in this paper is reasonable and effective, which is developed based on this method has good soft the performance, is widely used in iron and steel industry in the future.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TF777

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