快递民事损害赔偿法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 20:53

本文选题：快递 + 损害赔偿　；参考：《西北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：截至2014年10月20日,我国快递业务量突破100亿件。快递业务的发展一方面给消费者生活带来便利,另一方面侵害消费者权益的现象亦屡见不鲜。消费者在自身利益受到损害时,难以获得赔偿的问题已成为社会关注的焦点之一。为解决消费者赔偿难的问题,文章在总结、分析前人研究的基础上,通过对大量案例的分析、与快递企业相关人员进行访谈等方式,对快递民事损害赔偿法律关系进行梳理,具体针对快递损害赔偿的涵义、损害赔偿当事人的确定及归责原则、损害赔偿中的保价和最高限额赔偿等问题进行研究。文章除绪论外分为三个部分,第一部分阐述了快递民事损害赔偿的涵义及性质,通过分析何为快递、快递民事损害赔偿产生的原因以及损害赔偿的相关理论,笔者将快递民事损害赔偿定义为快递企业在提供快递服务的过程中,因快件延误、快件丢失、快件损毁等原因,对消费者或者他人造成损失,依照规定应当承担的损害赔偿责任；快递民事损害赔偿性质上属于侵权责任和违约责任的竞合,消费者在主张损害赔偿责任时,可以选择请求权以使自己的损失得到最大补偿。第二部分明确了损害赔偿的当事人和归责原则。损害赔偿权利人和损害赔偿义务人会因主张侵权损害赔偿责任或是违约损害赔偿责任的不同而有所不同,为了保护受害人的利益,建议对侵权性快递民事损害赔偿的归责原则适用过错推定。第三部分针对备受争议的快递服务中的保价及最高额赔偿等问题,笔者认为当快递企业尽到合理提醒的义务时,保价条款是有效的；快件在运输途中,本身具有一定的风险,要求快递企业收取低邮费的同时承担高风险,这是不公平的,快递企业的最高限额赔偿是合理的,但是不能否认目前快递企业的赔偿标准偏低,具体可参考我国交通运输及物流行业中规定的赔偿标准,确定法定的而非约定的合理的最高限额赔偿标准。
[Abstract]:As of October 20, 2014, China's express delivery volume exceeded 10 billion pieces.On the one hand, the development of express service brings convenience to consumers, on the other hand, the phenomenon of infringing on consumers' rights and interests is common.The problem that consumers are hard to get compensation when their own interests are damaged has become one of the focus of attention.In order to solve the problem of consumer compensation, based on the summary and analysis of previous studies, through the analysis of a large number of cases and interviews with related personnel of express delivery enterprises, the article combs the legal relationship of civil damage compensation in express delivery.This paper studies the meaning of the damage compensation by express delivery, the determination and imputation principle of the parties to the damage compensation, the insured price and the maximum compensation in the damage compensation, and so on.In addition to the introduction, the article is divided into three parts. The first part expounds the meaning and nature of civil damages by express delivery, through the analysis of what express delivery, the causes of civil damages and the related theory of damages.In the process of providing express service, the author defines the civil damages of express delivery as causing losses to consumers or others due to the delay of express delivery, loss of express, damage to express mail, etc.According to the provisions of damage compensation liability; express civil damage compensation nature belongs to tort liability and breach of contract liability competing consumers can choose to claim the right of claim in order to make their own losses maximum compensation.The second part clarifies the parties and the principle of imputation of damages.In order to protect the interests of the victims, the obligee and the obligor of compensation for damages may be different from each other because they claim the liability for tort damages or damages for breach of contract.It is suggested to apply the presumption of fault to the imputation principle of tort express civil damages.In the third part, aiming at the question of price insurance and maximum compensation in the disputed express delivery service, the author thinks that when express delivery enterprises fulfill their obligation to remind them reasonably, the price insurance clause is effective; the express shipment itself has certain risks in transit.It is unfair to require express delivery enterprises to charge low postage charges and bear high risks at the same time. The maximum compensation for express delivery enterprises is reasonable, but it cannot be denied that at present the standard of compensation for express delivery enterprises is on the low side.Referring to the compensation standard stipulated in the transportation and logistics industry of our country, we can determine the legal and not the agreed reasonable maximum compensation standard.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923;D922.296

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