一汽解放汽车有限公司生产线效率管理案例研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 21:23

本文选题：生产线运行效率 + 精益生产　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国汽车行业起步较晚,发展至今仍与世界上发达国家的汽车行业存在较大差距。伴随着改革开放以及中国加入WTO,我国汽车行业发展迅猛,汽车市场可谓是发生了翻天覆地的变化,在卡车领域,各大车企与国外汽车行业纷纷联姻,一汽解放汽车有限公司作为完全自主的企业受到了巨大冲击,如何提高企业的行业竞争力已成为公司发展必须解决的关键问题。目前解放公司在生产现场管理中面临着这样的困境:一方面是产能过剩,公司的设计产能是24万辆份/年,而实际每年的产量为15万辆份左右,产能利用率仅为62.5%,公司一直致力于如何提升产能利用;另外一方面是,目前市场用户个性化需求强烈,大批量需求逐渐向小批量转换,然而小批量生产,需要频繁更换冲压模具,调整涂装喷漆颜色,生产节拍难以统一,造成生产成本高,产品价格难以覆盖小批量生产成本,公司致力于如何减少小批量生产和降低生产运行成本。为了解决以上困境,本文运用了精益生产的相关技术和方法(作业测定、操作分析、动作分析、5S管理等),并结合案例研究方法,分析公司出现的问题,最终发现降低解放公司车间生产线的运行成本,实现各条生产线均衡生产是解决以上困境的最佳方案。对于制造型企业来说,车间现场管理往往是企业管理的重中之重,车间里最小的业务单元是生产线,工厂依据生产计划编排向供应商提出要货计划,然后由车间组织生产,将各种资源(物料、人工、动能、物流、生产备件等)投入到生产线,达到生产产品的目的,由此可见,生产线作为生产第一现场在制造型企业中有着举足轻重的地位。本文主要采用案例分析研究方法,通过实地考察、文献研究、SWOT分析等对解放公司生产线效率进行深入研究,结合工业工程的相关知识和管理方法对制造企业提出相应的生产线效率优化方案,从生产管理流程设计、生产过程控制等方面制定措施并固化,从而有效解决解放公司生产线运行效率提升,提升产品质量、降低制造成本问题。本文主要由四部分构成:第一章为绪论,主要介绍了本文的研究背景以及在研究过程中运用的研究思路和方法;第二章为案例正文,主要对公司及项目背景做相应介绍以及发现在生产现场管理中遇到的困境;第三章为案例分析,主要针对企业内外部环境进行分析,并着重对企业生产线效率管理进行SWOT分析,对标行业发展情况,识别同类型生产线运行效率低的问题点;第四章为方案设计,主要是依据上述分析制定提高生产线效率的相关方案。本文以解放公司生产线运行效率管理为研究背景,深入探讨自身存在的优势和劣势,并结合其发展中遇到的问题和机会,看到解放公司效率管理方面存在很大的进步空间,通过实践研究为中国的“汽车长子”一汽解放汽车有限公司指明方向,希望其日后能更好地背负起社会责任和政治责任。
[Abstract]:The automobile industry of our country starts late and still has a big gap with the automobile industry of the developed countries in the world. With the reform and opening up and China's entry into the WTO, the automobile industry in China has developed rapidly, and the automobile market has undergone earth-shaking changes. In the field of trucks, major car companies have joined forces with foreign automobile industries. FAW Jiefang Automobile Co., Ltd., as a completely independent enterprise, has been greatly impacted. How to improve the competitiveness of the enterprise has become a key problem that must be solved in the development of the company. At present, the Liberation Company is facing such difficulties in the management of production sites: on the one hand, there is overcapacity. The company's design capacity is 240000 units per year, while the actual annual output is about 150000. Capacity utilization is only 62.5, the company has been working on how to improve the use of capacity; on the other hand, there is a strong demand for personalized market users, mass demand gradually converted to small batch, but small batch production, It is necessary to change the stamping die frequently, adjust the color of coating spray paint, the production rhythm is difficult to unify, the production cost is high, the product price is difficult to cover the small batch production cost, the company devotes to how to reduce the small batch production and reduce the production operation cost. In order to solve the above difficulties, this paper applies the relevant techniques and methods of lean production (job measurement, operation analysis, action analysis, 5S management, etc.) and analyzes the problems in the company with the method of case study. Finally, it is found that reducing the operation cost of workshop production line and realizing balanced production of each production line is the best way to solve the above dilemma. For manufacturing enterprises, shop site management is often the top priority of enterprise management. The smallest business unit in the workshop is the production line. The factory puts forward a request plan to the supplier according to the production plan, and then the workshop organizes the production. All kinds of resources (material, labor, kinetic energy, logistics, spare parts, etc.) are put into the production line to achieve the purpose of producing products. It can be seen that the production line as the first production site has a pivotal position in manufacturing enterprises. This paper mainly uses the case analysis research method, through the field investigation, the literature research and so on SWOT analysis carries on the thorough research to the liberation company production line efficiency. Combining with the relevant knowledge and management methods of industrial engineering, this paper puts forward the corresponding production line efficiency optimization scheme for manufacturing enterprises, and formulates measures and solidifies from the aspects of production management process design, production process control and so on. So as to effectively solve the liberation company production line efficiency, improve product quality, reduce manufacturing costs. This paper is composed of four parts: the first chapter is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background of this paper and the research ideas and methods used in the research process, the second chapter is the case text, It mainly introduces the company and the project background and finds out the difficulties encountered in the production site management. Chapter three is the case analysis, which mainly analyzes the internal and external environment of the enterprise, and focuses on the SWOT analysis of the efficiency management of the enterprise production line. According to the development of the standard industry, the problem point of the low efficiency of the same type of production line is identified. The fourth chapter is the scheme design, which is mainly based on the above analysis to make the related plan to improve the efficiency of the production line. Based on the research background of efficiency management of production line in Jiefang Company, this paper deeply discusses its own advantages and disadvantages, and combined with the problems and opportunities in its development, we can see that there is a great room for improvement in efficiency management of Jiefang Company. Through practical research, the author points out the direction of FAW Jiefang Automobile Co., Ltd in China, and hopes that it can better shoulder social and political responsibilities in the future.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.471;F273

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