基于生命周期能值理论的秸秆生物质能可持续发展研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 20:45

本文选题：秸秆发电 + 秸秆成型燃料　；参考：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：生物质能源是一种产量丰富的可再生的化石替代能源,对缓解能源危机,减少化石能源使用对环境的破坏具有重要作用。秸秆作为能源收集和使用,不仅可以避免资源浪费,还可以减少随意堆积、焚烧带来的污染。但是秸秆作为生物质能源在生产和使用过程中,也会消耗能量、污染环境。不同的秸秆利用方式带来的环境、经济效益也不尽相同。因此,对秸秆生物质能进行科学评价,比较不同秸秆利用方式的优劣,对促进秸秆生物质质能源可持续发展具有重要意义。本文采用生命周期能值评价方法对两种不同的秸秆发电系统进行了评价。通过本文分析,获得如下结论:(1)对秸秆直燃发电系统统进行了生命周期能值分析,得出秸秆直燃发电系统的生命周期能值转换率(LC-Tr)为4.98E+04 se J/J,生命周期能值产出率(LC-EYR)为1.17,生命周期环境负载率(LC-ELR)为3.06,生命周期可再生指数(LC-RI)为24.6%,生命周期可持续性指数(LC-ESI)为0.38;(2)对秸秆成型燃料发电系进行了生命周期能值分析,得出系统的LC-T r值为3.4 5 E+04 s e J/J,低于秸秆直燃发电系统,LC-E Y R值为1.1 5,LC-E LR值为2.61,LC-R I值为2 7.7%,LC-E S I值为0.44,系统环境压力小于秸秆直燃发电系统,可持续发展能力优于秸秆直燃发电系统。两系统的生命周期能值指标,以及燃煤发电、燃油发电的各项指标的对比分析结果表明,秸秆成型燃料发电与秸秆直燃发电相比具有较好的环境可持续性,且两系统的可持续性均优于燃煤发电和燃油发电;(3)对秸秆直燃发电系统和秸秆成型燃料发电系统的生命周期各阶段能值分析表明,种植阶段能值投入占生命周期总能值投入比例最大,分别占59.98%和52.09%,秸秆直燃发电系统运输阶段能值投入(8.92E+13 se J)远大于秸秆成型燃料发电系统运输阶段能值投入(8.58E+12 se J);(4)对秸秆直燃发电系统和秸秆成型燃料发电系统的碳排放进行了计算,结果表明秸秆成型燃料发电的温室气体排放量为7.77 g/MJ,远小于秸秆直燃发电的23.14 g/MJ,主要是由于减小了柴油的温室气体贡献;与燃煤发电相比,秸秆发电系统二氧化碳减排效果明显。(5)以秸秆发电废水和秸秆酒糟废液为例,对秸秆生物质能废弃物处理系统进行了能值分析。结算得出秸秆发电废水和秸秆酒糟废液的能值转换率分别为-5.06+05 se J/g和-6.64E+06 se J/g,能值产出率分别为1.57和2.17,结果主要受废水水质和处理工艺的影响;采用生命周期能值评价方法对秸秆发电系统进行评价,可以衡量自然环境资源对系统的作用和贡献。通过过程能值分析,可以明确系统各阶段、各能物流能值投入的比重,减少总能值投入,确定最佳产品方案。生命周期能值分析对促进秸秆生物质能的可持续发展具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Biomass energy is a kind of renewable fossil alternative energy with abundant output, which plays an important role in alleviating the energy crisis and reducing the damage to the environment caused by fossil energy use. As energy collection and use, straw can not only avoid the waste of resources, but also reduce the pollution caused by random accumulation and incineration. However, as biomass energy, straw will also consume energy and pollute the environment. Different ways of straw use bring about different economic benefits. Therefore, it is of great significance to evaluate the biomass energy of straw scientifically and compare the advantages and disadvantages of different straw utilization methods to promote the sustainable development of straw biomass energy. In this paper, two different straw power generation systems are evaluated by life cycle emergy evaluation method. Through the analysis of this paper, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the life-cycle energy analysis of straw direct-fired power generation system is carried out. The results show that the life cycle emergy conversion rate (LC-Trr) of straw direct-fired power generation system is 4.98E04 se J / J, the life-cycle emergy output rate LC-EYR is 1.17, the life cycle environmental load ratio (LC-ELR) is 3.06, the life cycle renewable index (LC-RI) is 24.6e, and the life cycle sustainability is higher. The index LC-ESI (0.38) was used to analyze the life-cycle energy of straw briquetting fuel power generation system. The results show that the LC-T r value of the system is 3.45 E 04 s e J / J, and the LC-E Y R value of the system is 1.15 L C-E R value 1.15 L C-E LR value is 2.61 m LC-R value is 27.7 L C-E S I value is 0.44, the environmental pressure of the system is less than that of the straw direct burning power generation system. The ability of sustainable development is superior to that of direct-fired straw power generation system. The comparison and analysis of the life cycle energy index of the two systems as well as the indexes of coal-fired power generation and fuel power generation show that straw briquetting fuel power generation has better environmental sustainability than straw direct-fired power generation. The sustainability of the two systems is better than that of coal-fired power generation and oil-fired power generation. The ratio of emergy input to total energy input in life cycle is the largest in planting stage. 59.98% and 52.09%, respectively. The energy input of Straw Direct fired Power system in transportation stage is 8.92E 13se JJ, much larger than that of Straw formed fuel Power Generation system in transportation stage 8.58E 12 se JJ 4.) Straw direct-fired power generation system and straw briquetting fuel power generation system are produced by straw direct-fired power generation system and straw briquetting fuel generation system. The carbon emissions of the system have been calculated, The results show that the greenhouse gas emission from straw briquetting fuel generation is 7.77 g / MJ, which is much smaller than 23.14 g / MJ of straw direct-fired power generation, which is mainly due to the reduction of greenhouse gas contribution from diesel fuel, and compared with coal-fired power generation, The carbon dioxide abatement effect of straw power generation system is obvious. (5) taking straw power generation wastewater and waste liquor of straw distiller's grains as an example, the energy value of straw biomass energy waste treatment system is analyzed. The results showed that the energy conversion rates of straw power generation wastewater and straw lees waste liquor were -5.06 se J / g and -6.64 E 06 se J / g respectively, and the energy output rates were 1.57 and 2.17, respectively. The results were mainly affected by wastewater quality and treatment process. The use of life-cycle emergy evaluation method to evaluate straw power generation system can measure the role and contribution of natural resources to the system. Through the process emergy analysis, the proportion of energy input in each stage of the system can be determined, the total energy input can be reduced, and the best product scheme can be determined. Life cycle energy analysis plays an important role in promoting the sustainable development of straw biomass energy.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TK6

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