朝阳市环境应急管理问题对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 06:28

本文选题：环境应急 + 管理模式　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：朝阳市的地理位置位于辽西地区,与内蒙古自治区、河北省交界,藏有多种矿产资源,约53种,已探明储量的46种。金、锰、钼、石灰石、珍珠岩、膨润土、硅石等为辽宁省优势矿种。境内金属采选与冶炼企业较多,各类尾矿库遍布市内各处,企业生产所需的各类危险化学品、易燃易爆物品以及生产环节产生的危险化学品较多,环境安全隐患相对突出,环境安全工作压力较大。朝阳市经济发展水平在全省排在末位,环境保护工作的发展水平较省内发达城市存在这较大差距,相应的环境应急管理工作同样落后。朝阳市非常重视环境公共安全,在结合自身环境公共安全新趋势、新特点的基础上,不断提高环境应急工作水平。环境应急管理是防范和处置突发性环境事件的利剑,是环境综合管理的重要组成部分。环境应急管理工作必须科学、高效,并且具有很强的针对性,才能适应当前环境安全保护工作的需要。本文通过对朝阳市存在的风险源及位置分布情况的调查研究,得出朝阳市环境应急管理存在多项问题,极大地影响了当地的环境安全。针对这种现象,提出朝阳市环境应急管理的方案、保护对策和建议,将对当地环境安全具有重大的意义。因此,本研究的目的在于正确认识朝阳市环境应急管理体系的运行方式和运行状态,以及在应对突发性环境事件过程中所暴露出来的问题和不足,探讨影响朝阳市环境应急管理实际效果的各方面因素,并在此基础上提出完善朝阳市环境应急管理的对策措施,进而设计一套符合朝阳市环境应急现状的环境应急预警系统。首次对朝阳市本级及下辖各县市区的环境应急工作进行全面、客观的调查研究,并从健全突发环境事件应急预案体系、推进环境应急管理体制建设、创新环境应急管理联动协作机制,建立多主体共同参与的突发性环境事件应对体系、建立现代化的应急物资储备和物流系统、建立公开、透明的信息发布平台、提高全社会突发事件应对能力、建立环境污染损失赔偿制度等多方面对朝阳市环境应急管理提出了切实可行的对策建议。本文以朝阳市环境应急管理模式为例,概述朝阳市环境应急管理的现状,深入分析存在的问题及影响因素。得出朝阳市环境应急管理存在的主要问题：一是法律法规力度不够,对环境损失的赔偿问题没有相应规定；二是管理体制不完善,基础准备不足；三是技术支撑体系缺口较大。
[Abstract]:The geographical location of Chaoyang City is located in the west of Liaoning, bordering with Inner Mongolia Autonomous region and Hebei Province, there are many kinds of mineral resources, about 53 kinds, 46 kinds of proven reserves. Gold, manganese, molybdenum, limestone, perlite, bentonite, silica and other dominant minerals in Liaoning Province. There are more metal mining and smelting enterprises in China, and all kinds of tailings are all over the city. The enterprises produce all kinds of dangerous chemicals, flammable and explosive substances and dangerous chemicals produced by production links, and the hidden dangers to the environment are relatively prominent. Environmental safety work pressure is high. The level of economic development in Chaoyang is at the bottom of the whole province, and the level of environmental protection is far behind compared with the developed cities in the province, and the corresponding environmental emergency management is also lagging behind. Chaoyang city attaches great importance to the environmental public safety and constantly improves the level of environmental emergency work on the basis of the new trend and new characteristics of its own environmental public safety. Environmental emergency management is a sharp sword to prevent and deal with sudden environmental events, and it is an important part of environmental comprehensive management. Environmental emergency management must be scientific, efficient, and has strong pertinence, in order to meet the needs of environmental security protection. Based on the investigation of the risk sources and location distribution in Chaoyang City, this paper draws a conclusion that there are many problems in the environmental emergency management in Chaoyang City, which greatly affect the local environmental safety. In view of this phenomenon, it is of great significance for local environmental safety to put forward the plan of environmental emergency management, protection countermeasures and suggestions for Chaoyang city. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to correctly understand the operating mode and operating state of Chaoyang environmental emergency management system, as well as the problems and deficiencies exposed in the course of dealing with sudden environmental events. This paper discusses the factors influencing the actual effect of environmental emergency management in Chaoyang city, and then puts forward the countermeasures to perfect the environmental emergency management in Chaoyang city, and then designs a set of environmental emergency warning system in accordance with the present situation of environmental emergency in Chaoyang city. It is the first time to conduct a comprehensive and objective investigation and study on the environmental emergency work in Chaoyang City at its own level and in the counties and cities under its jurisdiction, and to promote the construction of the environmental emergency management system by improving the emergency plan system for environmental emergencies. Innovating the coordination mechanism of environmental emergency management, establishing a response system of unexpected environmental events, establishing a modern emergency material storage and logistics system, setting up an open and transparent information publishing platform, In order to improve the response ability of the whole society and establish the compensation system of environmental pollution loss, the paper puts forward some feasible countermeasures and suggestions for the environmental emergency management in Chaoyang City. Taking the environmental emergency management model of Chaoyang city as an example, this paper summarizes the present situation of Chaoyang city's environmental emergency management, and analyzes the existing problems and influencing factors. The main problems of Chaoyang environmental emergency management are as follows: first, the laws and regulations are not strong enough to compensate for the environmental losses; second, the management system is not perfect, the foundation is not enough preparation; third, the gap of technical support system is large.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D63

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