基于RFID与WSN的危化品物流智能监测与应用研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 11:18

【摘要】：危险化学品是指具有特殊的物理、化学或生物特性极易在生产、储存、运输环节中引起燃烧、爆炸、中毒等安全事故的物品。随着工业化发展,危化品的生产量和运输量均在逐年增加,危化品物流事故频发,主要原因来自于危化品物流活动在监管和运作中管理层面和技术层面的诸多问题。随着物联网建设的推进,RFID与WSN技术也不断发展,依托RFID和WSN技术建立具有对危化品物流全过程实时监测、管理和预警能力的信息系统是解决危化品物流活动监管和运作中各种问题的可靠方法和手段。基于RFID与WSN的危化品物流智能监测与应用研究的实质则是危化品物流信息化方法和理论问题的探索,主要内容包括,充分认识RFID与WSN技术特征基础上,引入并构建智能决策模块建立危化品物流信息系统框架；利用科学方法,实现危化品物流流程优化；在此框架下挖掘危化品物流决策问题中运输和仓储两个核心问题,重塑决策问题的解决方案与方法。因此,基于RFID与WSN的危化品物流智能监测与应用研究,对建立科学的危化品物流信息化方法和理论具有指导意义,值得深入研究。本文研究成果有：1.对RFID与WSN技术特征、应用现状和危化品物流应用特征进行分析,分析RFID与WSN技术选择的影响因素。在分析危化品物流特点基础上,构造基于RFID与WSN的智能监测方案,并在此框架下对危化品物流智能监测的信息管理需求进行分析,以危化品分类为基础,明确危化品物流智能监测的信息管理的对象,并列举8类危化品在不同储运形式下的信息采集对象；按照面向对象分析方法对基于RFID与WSN的危化品物流智能监测系统进行需求分析,分析系统的基本用例、针对系统设计的性能需求、以及其他需求,并构造软件系统的功能框架和模块,架构硬件系统逻辑框架,介绍该系统的组成结构和内部逻辑关系；引入智能决策功能模块,给出总体结构,突出模型库的关键作用和组成,并分析危化品物流智能决策的核心问题。2.研究分析危化品物流储运流程的现状和特征,针对危化品物流流程特征,提出具有时间—安全性能综合评价思想的工作流赋权性能有色Petri网建模方法,并利用该方法对危化品流程进行形式化建模与分析,针对危化品物流流程现有不足,给出优化危化品物流流程的建议和措施。3.研究基于滚动时域优化策略的危化品仓储分配方法,考虑运输过程和运抵时间的不确定性,对于仓库仓储能力的驱动,在危化品储存限制条件,目标仓库仓储能力、仓库外部环境、仓储及运输条件约束下,以最大化仓库利用效率为目标,构建基于滚动时域优化策略的危化品仓储分配模型,解决危化品仓储分配中,目标仓库确定问题和仓储量的分配问题。4.研究考虑时间窗和路径集的危化品物流运输决策模型,以社会风险最小及运输费用最小为目标,综合考虑路段运输能力、节点仓储能力、运输路径及时间窗等约束。基于模型特点,设计精英策略的蚁群算法对模型进行求解,最后用实例对模型和算法进行验证。由于,危化品物流信息化问题受到信息技术发展所处阶段,以及危化品物流管理体系关注重心变化的约束,信息技术的选择和系统的组建方式、涉及的决策问题也会不断变化。因此,危化品仓储和运输决策与优化模型与基于RFID与WSN的危化品物流智能监测系统框架的关系与作用机理,延伸工作流赋权性能有色Petri网建模方法的多维度性能分析功能,完善其建模与分析的通用性,危化品物流智能化运作涉及的应急保障决策、服务商选择决策、企业战略及经营决策等方面问题,还有待进一步研究。
[Abstract]:Hazardous chemicals refer to articles with special physical, chemical or biological characteristics that are very easy to cause safety accidents such as combustion, explosion and poisoning in production, storage and transportation. With the development of industrialization, the production and transportation of dangerous chemicals are increasing year by year, and the accidents of dangerous chemicals flow frequently. The main reason is from the logistics activities of dangerous chemicals. With the development of the Internet of things, RFID and WSN technology are developing continuously with the development of the Internet of things. With the development of the Internet of things and the development of the technology of RFID and WSN, the establishment of the information system with the ability of real-time monitoring, management and early warning for the whole process of hazardous chemicals logistics is a solution to various problems in the supervision and operation of the logistics activities of dangerous chemicals. The essence of Logistics Intelligent Monitoring and Application Research Based on RFID and WSN is the essence of the research on the logistics information methods and theoretical problems of dangerous chemicals. The main contents include the introduction and construction of intelligent decision-making model blocks to establish the framework for the logistics information system of dangerous chemicals on the basis of fully understanding the characteristics of RFID and WSN. Using the scientific method to optimize the logistics process of dangerous chemicals; under this framework, we excavate two core problems of transportation and storage in the logistics decision-making problem of dangerous chemicals and reshape the solutions and methods of decision-making problems. Therefore, based on the research of intelligent monitoring and application of the logistics of dangerous chemicals based on RFID and WSN, the scientific method of logistics information technology for dangerous chemicals is established. And the theory has the guiding significance. The research results are as follows: 1. the characteristics of RFID and WSN technology, the application status and the characteristics of the logistics application of dangerous chemicals are analyzed, and the influencing factors of the selection of RFID and WSN are analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of the logistics characteristics of dangerous chemicals, the intelligent monitoring scheme based on RFID and WSN is constructed and the framework is constructed in this framework. The information management requirements for the intelligent monitoring of dangerous chemicals are analyzed. Based on the classification of dangerous chemicals, the objects of information management for the intelligent monitoring of dangerous chemicals are defined, and the information collection objects of 8 types of dangerous chemicals under different storage and transportation are listed, and the logistics intelligent supervision of dangerous chemicals based on RFID and WSN is carried out according to the object-oriented analysis method. The system carries out the requirement analysis, analyzes the basic use case of the system, aims at the performance requirements of the system design, and other requirements, and constructs the functional framework and module of the software system, constructs the logical framework of the hardware system, introduces the structure and internal logic relation of the system, and introduces the intelligent decision function module, gives the overall structure and the prominent model. The key role and composition of the type library and analysis of the core problem of the logistics intelligent decision of dangerous chemicals.2. research and analyze the status and characteristics of the logistics storage and transportation process of dangerous chemicals. In view of the characteristics of the logistics process of dangerous chemicals, the workflow modeling method of workflow empowerment with the time security performance comprehensive evaluation idea is put forward, and the method is used in this method. Based on the formalized modeling and analysis of the process of dangerous chemicals, in view of the shortage of the existing logistics process of dangerous chemicals, the paper gives some suggestions and measures to optimize the logistics process of dangerous chemicals..3. studies the storage and distribution method of dangerous chemicals based on the rolling time optimization strategy, considering the uncertainty of the transportation process and arrival time, and is dangerous to the storage capacity of the warehouse. Under the constraints of warehouse storage capacity, warehouse environment, warehouse and transportation conditions, the storage and distribution model of dangerous chemicals based on the rolling time optimization strategy is constructed to solve the.4. research on the problem of warehouse determination and the distribution of storage reserves in the storage and distribution of dangerous chemicals. Considering the time window and the path set, the logistics transportation decision-making model is considered as the goal of minimum social risk and minimum transportation cost. It considers the constraints of road transport capacity, node storage capacity, transportation path and time window. Based on the characteristics of the model, the ant swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. Finally, the model is used to model the model. And the algorithm is verified. Because the logistics information problem of dangerous chemicals is subject to the development of information technology, as well as the constraints of the change of the focus on the logistics management system of dangerous chemicals, the choice of information technology and the way of system formation and the decision-making problems involved will be constantly changed. The relationship and mechanism of the framework of the logistics intelligent monitoring system based on RFID and WSN, the multi-dimensional performance analysis function of the modeling method of the workflow empowerment performance colored Petri net, the versatility of its modeling and analysis, the emergency support decision involved in the intelligent logistics operation of the dangerous chemicals, the selection decision of the service provider, the enterprise strategy and the strategy Business decisions need to be further studied.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F259.2

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