集装箱自装卸运输车工作装置铰点位置优化设计

发布时间：2018-10-22 11:06

【摘要】：目前，我国经济不断发展，物流行业也随之飞速成长，作为物流行业重要组成部分的集装箱运输行业得到越来越多的重视。素有门到门运输之称的集装箱中短途模式非常普遍，但运输方式却还不成熟，需要一种新型高效的转运形式来提高运输效率。这样集装箱自装卸运输车这一灵活快捷的运输车辆渐渐被各大企业所重视，纷纷投入研发之中。本文就以研发初期关键步骤之一的工作装置铰点位置优化设计为对象进行了相关研究。首先，介绍了集装箱自装卸运输车工作装置的基本结构与工作原理。起重装置有单侧平行式、单侧交叉式和双侧等形式，支撑装置有交错式一级伸缩支腿、交错式二级伸缩支腿和大跨距支腿等形式。工况有自装卸作业、堆垛作业和车对车作业等。在ADAMS环境中，建立常用工作装置的动力学仿真参数化模型，重点介绍了建模中的重点和难点，即约束函数、运动函数和载荷函数的参数化建模等。完全参数化的模型可以完成试验设计与优化设计等工作，是后续工作的基础。其次，研究了工作装置铰点位置对工作性能的影响。这里的工作性能包括油缸载荷情况和工作幅度。以单侧交叉式侧面吊为例，，分别对上下臂总成进行分析，步骤相同。首先建立结构的数学模型，通过数学方程与铰点之间几何关系分析归纳出铰点是如何影响相应的油缸载荷与工作幅度的。然后利用ADAMS中的参数化模型，对各铰点进行设计研究与试验设计，得到大量数据，对数据进行整理分析得到铰点位置与工作性能之间的影响规律。最后将两种方法的结果进行对比，总结出最终结论。再次，以ADAMS中的参数化模型为基础，运用ADAMS软件提供的CommandLanguage二次开发语言，开发出集装箱自装卸运输车工作装置专用的铰点优化设计平台。该平台分为模型选择模块、条件输入模块、参数化模型确定与修改模块、优化设计模块与结果输出模块五大模块。开发过程包括运用菜单语法来编辑用户菜单、定制用户对话框以及各模块的功能实现等内容。然后利用平台对40t单侧吊进行了铰点优化设计的工作，还仿真分析了机构的工作特性。优化结果显著，仿真分析结果、优化过程和结果印证了前面内容的正确性与实用性。最后，将全文内容进行了概括总结，并根据本文的成果与不足对未来相关工作进行了展望。
[Abstract]:At present, with the development of our economy, the logistics industry is growing rapidly. As an important part of the logistics industry, the container transport industry has been paid more and more attention. The short distance mode of container is very common, but the mode of transportation is not mature, so we need a new type of efficient transshipment to improve the transportation efficiency. So container self-loading and unloading vehicle, a flexible and fast transport vehicle, has been paid more and more attention by many enterprises and put into R & D one after another. In this paper, the optimization design of the hinge position of the working device, which is one of the key steps in the initial stage of R & D, is studied. Firstly, the basic structure and working principle of container self-loading and unloading vehicle are introduced. There are single side parallel type, single side cross type and double side type of lifting device. The support device has staggered first-stage telescopic leg, staggered two-stage telescopic leg and long span leg and so on. Working conditions are self-loading and unloading operations, stacking operations and car-to-car operations and so on. In the environment of ADAMS, the parameterized model of dynamic simulation of common working device is established, and the key and difficult points in modeling are introduced, such as the parameterized modeling of constraint function, motion function and load function, etc. The fully parameterized model can complete the experimental design and optimization design, which is the basis of the follow-up work. Secondly, the influence of the hinge position on the working performance is studied. The working performance here includes cylinder load and working range. Taking the single side cross side suspension as an example, the upper and lower arm assemblies are analyzed respectively, and the steps are the same. Firstly, the mathematical model of the structure is established, and through the analysis of the geometric relationship between the mathematical equation and the hinge point, it is concluded how the hinge point affects the corresponding cylinder load and working amplitude. Then, by using the parametric model in ADAMS, the design and experimental design of each hinge point is carried out, and a large number of data are obtained, and the influence law between the location of hinge point and the working performance is obtained by sorting out and analyzing the data. Finally, the results of the two methods are compared and the final conclusions are concluded. Thirdly, based on the parameterized model in ADAMS and the CommandLanguage secondary development language provided by ADAMS software, a special hinge optimization design platform for container self-loading and unloading vehicle working device is developed. The platform is divided into five modules: model selection module, conditional input module, parameterized model determination and modification module, optimization design module and result output module. The development process includes editing the user menu using menu syntax, customizing the user dialog box and realizing the function of each module. Then, the optimal design of hinge point of 40t single side crane is carried out by using the platform, and the working characteristics of the mechanism are also simulated and analyzed. The results of simulation analysis, optimization process and results confirm the correctness and practicability of the above contents. Finally, the full text is summarized, and the future work is prospected according to the achievements and shortcomings of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U469.4

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