研发项目管理中的专利预警研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 12:02

本文选题：研发项目管理 + 专利预警　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：市场竞争的日益加剧使技术创新逐渐成为企业的核心竞争力,各企业纷纷加大研发投入,以确保在激烈的行业竞争中站稳脚跟；而技术研发具有极大不确定性,因此项目风险管理是研发项目管理中的重要课题。以往研究多从技术、资金、政治与市场等角度考虑研发项目的风险控制,忽略了专利风险；但专利兼具经济与技术价值,已成为外国企业遏制中国企业技术创新的有力工具。中国企业正处于技术追赶期,专利力量较薄弱,容易陷入专利丛林乃至专利陷阱的包围,产生高额费用,延误技术发展。研发项目管理中如何做好专利预警工作,规避专利风险,成为亟待解决的研究热点。本文利用专利计量学,探索了中国企业在研发项目管理中应如何展开专利预警工作。首先,通过文献梳理总结了国内外专利预警工作的实施情况,对国内外专利预警领域的原则、框架、方法与指标等进行了总结,并分析了近年来国内外对于专利研究所采用的主要方法与工具；然后,从面向技术领域与面向竞争对手两个角度提出具体的专利预警指标,最后,选定云计算为具体研究领域与竞争对手分析,对研发项目管理中专利预警模式与方法进行研究。面向技术领域的专利预警工作以技术生命周期为依托展开,从技术整体分析、重点技术分析与技术发展趋势三方面构建专利指标进行研究；目前中国市场云计算技术发展迅速,专利数量迅速增加,发展前景看好；但技术依赖性高达21.6%,且技术领域狭窄,技术空白较多,技术专利主要分布在H04L0012与H04L0029,热门领域包括私人电子助理、存储盘驱动、虚拟专用网络与内存管理。面向竞争对手的专利预警研究中,本文建议可将竞争对手分为三类：行业领先者,追赶企业与专利主张实体。行业领先者技术专利众多,已在全球范围内开展专利布局；追赶企业技术研发起步晚,技术生长率较高,发展潜力大,国内企业大多属于追赶企业,因此是本节指标分析对象；专利主张实体多以专利许可或诉讼为运营模式来获取收入,而技术的高度复杂化又为这类企业的隐蔽性创造了条件,所以在研发项目的专利预警中,对这类企业也需格外关注。
[Abstract]:With the increasing competition in the market, technological innovation has gradually become the core competitiveness of enterprises, and enterprises have increased their R & D investment to ensure a firm foothold in the fierce competition in the industry, and technological R & D has great uncertainty.Therefore, project risk management is an important subject in R & D project management.Chinese enterprises are in the period of technological catch-up, and the patent power is weak, which is easy to fall into the patent jungle and even the patent trap, resulting in high cost and delaying the development of technology.How to do patent early warning and avoid patent risk in R & D project management has become an urgent research hotspot.Using patent metrology, this paper explores how Chinese enterprises should carry out patent early warning in R & D project management.First of all, the paper summarizes the implementation of patent early warning at home and abroad, and summarizes the principles, framework, methods and indicators of patent early warning at home and abroad.It also analyzes the main methods and tools used in recent years for patent research at home and abroad, and then puts forward the specific patent warning index from two aspects of technology-oriented and competition-oriented. Finally,Cloud computing is selected as the specific research field and competitors to study the patent early warning model and method in R & D project management.The patent early-warning work in the field of technology is based on the technology life cycle, and the patent index is constructed from three aspects: the overall analysis of technology, the key technology analysis and the trend of technological development. At present, cloud computing technology is developing rapidly in the Chinese market.The number of patents is increasing rapidly and the development prospect is promising, but the technical dependence is as high as 21.6, and the technical field is narrow, and there are many technical gaps. The technology patents are mainly distributed in H04L0012 and H04L0029. The hot fields include private electronic assistant, storage disk driver, and so on.Virtual Private Network and memory Management.In the research of patent warning for competitors, this paper suggests that competitors can be divided into three categories: industry leader, catch-up enterprise and patent entity.The industry leader technology patent is numerous, has carried out the patent layout in the global scope; the catch-up enterprise technology research and development starts late, the technology growth rate is higher, the development potential is big, the domestic enterprise mostly belongs to the catch-up enterprise, therefore is this section index analysis object;Patent claims entities take patent license or litigation as the operating mode to obtain revenue, and the high complexity of technology creates conditions for the concealment of this kind of enterprises, so in the patent early warning of R & D projects, special attention should be paid to this kind of enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F273.1

【参考文献】