基于全寿命周期的热电联产项目后评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 18:11

本文选题：热电联产 + 项目管理　；参考：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：热电联产是高效利用煤炭的技术趋势,预计在未来将具有更加广阔的应用前景。它不仅能够依靠对煤炭的高效利用给企业带来经济效益,还能够切实减轻化石能源对环境的影响,落实国家可持续发展战略。热电联产项目将在未来为国家节约大量能源,减少土地占用,提高电能热能供给的安全性和可靠性。鉴于热电联产发展的良好趋势,总结和提炼热电联产项目从设计到建造和运营的相关经验将有利于热电联产产业的发展,直接提高企业的技术水平、管理水平和经济效益,间接推动了国家热电联产项目的发展。为此,本文就热电联产项目后评价问题进行研究和探讨,以期得到合理的热电联产后评价指标体系,选择科学的综合评价方法,有效的评价项目的全寿命周期的状况,总结经验,指导后期项目的建设及运营。首先,本论文研究了现有的全寿命周期划分思路和方法,结合了热电联产的基本特点,提出了三阶段的全寿命周期热电联产后评价阶段划分：决策与设计阶段、建设阶段和运营阶段,为全寿命周期的指标体系构建搭建了框架。在热电联产项目指标体系框架内逐步构建并完善了相对清晰合理的后评价指标体系,指标体系由三个阶段两级指标构成。对构建好的指标体系,运用AHP方法确定指标权重。其次,为此本文在分析传统后评价方法的基础上,阐述了项目综合评价方法选择的基本原则。并结合电力行业普遍认可的对标管理模式,选择了适合热电联产项目后评价的综合评价方法：理想点法(TOPSIS)方法。该方法能够较好的满足热电联产项目的后评价需求,既能够计算出项目综合评价结果,又能够计算出项目各个阶段的综合评价结果。既能够反映项目的总体情况,又能够分阶段寻找差距,指导项目的改进。最后,本文选用了H热电联产项目作为算例进行计算和评价。计算过程中根据构建好的指标体系和经由AHP方法计算得到的权重,运用TOPSIS方法计算出了项目的综合后评价和各阶段的后评价结果。根据结果进行了分析和对比,指出了各阶段的优劣状况,提出了改进对策和建议,实现了本文最初提出的研究目标。从国家的角度来说,该研究能够掌握投产项目的投资和决策效果,并指导电厂的规划和审批。从企业的角度来说,该研究能够帮助决策层了解设计、建设、运营阶段的状况,丰富企业经验,有利于实现企业项目管理的精细化。
[Abstract]:Cogeneration of heat and electricity is a technical trend of high efficiency in coal utilization, and it is expected to have a wider application prospect in the future. It can not only rely on the efficient use of coal to bring economic benefits to enterprises, but also can effectively reduce the impact of fossil energy on the environment, and implement the national sustainable development strategy. The cogeneration project will save a lot of energy, reduce land occupation and improve the safety and reliability of thermal energy supply for the country in the future. In view of the good trend of cogeneration development, summing up and refining the relevant experiences of cogeneration projects from design to construction and operation will be conducive to the development of cogeneration industry and directly improve the technical level, management level and economic benefits of enterprises. Indirectly promoted the development of national heat and power cogeneration project. Therefore, this paper studies and discusses the post-evaluation of cogeneration project in order to obtain a reasonable evaluation index system of cogeneration project, select scientific comprehensive evaluation method, and effectively evaluate the condition of the whole life cycle of the project. Summarize the experience and guide the construction and operation of the project. First of all, this paper studies the existing idea and method of the whole life cycle division, combines the basic characteristics of the cogeneration, and puts forward three stages of the whole life cycle cogeneration post-evaluation stage: decision and design stage. The construction stage and the operation stage set up the frame for the index system of the whole life cycle. A relatively clear and reasonable post-evaluation index system is gradually constructed and perfected within the framework of the cogeneration project index system. The index system is composed of three stages and two levels of indicators. AHP method is used to determine the index weight. Secondly, based on the analysis of traditional post-evaluation methods, this paper expounds the basic principles of the selection of project comprehensive evaluation methods. Combined with the commonly accepted management mode of the power industry, the comprehensive evaluation method suitable for the post-evaluation of the cogeneration project is selected: the ideal point method and the Topsis method. This method can better meet the post-evaluation requirements of cogeneration projects. It can not only calculate the comprehensive evaluation results of the project, but also can calculate the comprehensive evaluation results of each stage of the project. It can not only reflect the overall situation of the project, but also look for the gap in stages to guide the improvement of the project. Finally, this paper selected H heat and power cogeneration project as an example to calculate and evaluate. According to the established index system and the weight calculated by AHP method, the comprehensive post-evaluation and post-evaluation results of each stage of the project are calculated by using the TOPSIS method. Based on the analysis and comparison of the results, the paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of each stage, puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improvement, and realizes the original research goal of this paper. From the national point of view, the research can master the investment and decision effect of the project, and guide the power plant planning and approval. From the point of view of the enterprise, the research can help the decision makers to understand the design, construction and operation stages, enrich the enterprise experience, and help to realize the refinement of enterprise project management.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.61

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