河北省退耕还林工程政策实施现状及分析

发布时间：2018-07-18 12:22

【摘要】：退耕还林工程作为我国的重点林业工程,不仅在林业建设方面具有重要意义,更是为保护我国生态环境,维持世界生态平衡方面做出了巨大贡献,对我国生态建设具有积极的作用,甚至在推动世界的生态恢复建设中都起到了举足轻重的作用。退耕还林工程是一项复杂的系统工程,不仅涉及范围广,而且持续周期漫长,所需经费数目较大,因此退耕还林工程的效益自然而然的就成为我们最关心的,社会最关注的问题,因此对退耕还林工程政策的实施现状分析是非常必要的,是工程进一步实施的基础。本文以国内外退耕还林工程政策的研究进展为背景,分析了近年来河北省退耕还林工程政策的实施进展与发展状况,并对河北省退耕还林政策实施的社会与生态环境效果进行了深入研究,利用相关理论与数据的统计结合来具体分析退耕还林工程区的耕地资源、退耕还林区的从业结构现状、退耕还林区的粮食产量、退耕还林区农民生活水平及退耕还林区的保育水土质量、空气质量、生物多样性等进行分析。经过研究,发现退耕还林工程对于上述问题起到了一定程度的改善效果。在肯定退耕还林工程对于工程区的效果的同时,本文还有针对性的分析当前退耕还林工程政策在实施过程中遇到的问题,有针对性的从不同层面提出了进一步完善退耕还林工程政策实施的对策建议。实地调查发现,河北省退耕还林工程政策的实施已经进入到巩固阶段,并且取得了很好的成效。但从整体而言,退耕还林工程依然存在着政策制度不完善、成果项目进展缓慢、抚育管护不到位、产业化水平低、群众法律意识淡薄、长效保障机制不健全等问题。因此本文正是基于对问题及产生原因进行深入分析的基础上,结合退耕还林政策工程实践,提出应当贯彻十八届四中全会精神,出台《河北省退耕还林法》;确保现有效益成果发挥并提高退耕还林后期资金投入;重视产业结构调整,做好后续产业发展工作;提高抚育管护水平;健全项目管理机制与补偿机制;依法治林,建设法治林业;发挥政府职能,为巩固成果提供长效保障等多项建议。结论部分总结了全文的主要内容及主要观点,分析了本文研究的不足,并提出下一步研究的努力方向。本文认为,退耕还林工程政策在对改善退耕还林区生态环境、社会环境等方面做出了巨大的贡献,政策落实的好坏直接关系到退耕还林群众的切身利益,直接关系到当地社会的和谐发展。以自然学科和人文学科相结合的方法,以河北省作为研究的范围对退耕还林政策工程政策实施的现状进行分析并是本文的创新点所在。
[Abstract]:As a key forestry project in our country, the project of returning cropland to forest not only plays an important role in forestry construction, but also contributes greatly to the protection of our ecological environment and the maintenance of ecological balance in the world. It plays an active role in the ecological construction of our country, and even plays an important role in promoting the ecological restoration in the world. The project of returning cropland to forest is a complex systematic project, which not only involves a wide range, but also lasts a long period and requires a large amount of funds. Therefore, the benefits of the conversion of cropland to forestry naturally become our most concerned. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the present situation of the policy of returning cropland to forest, which is the basis of further implementation of the project. Based on the research progress of the policy of returning cropland to forest at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the progress and development of the policy of returning cropland to forest in Hebei Province in recent years. The social and ecological environmental effects of the policy of returning cropland to forest in Hebei Province are studied in depth. By combining relevant theories and statistics, the paper analyzes the current situation of cultivated land resources and the employment structure in the area of returning cropland to forest. The grain yield, farmers' living standard, soil and water conservation quality, air quality, biodiversity and so on were analyzed. Through research, it is found that the project of returning cropland to forest has improved the above problems to a certain extent. While affirming the effect of the conversion of cropland to forest project to the engineering area, this paper also analyzes the problems encountered in the implementation of the current policy of returning cropland to forest project. The countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to further improve the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forestry from different aspects. The field investigation shows that the policy of returning cropland to forest in Hebei Province has entered the stage of consolidation and has achieved good results. But on the whole, the project of returning cropland to forest still has some problems, such as the imperfect policy system, the slow progress of the project, the low level of industrialization, the weak legal consciousness of the masses and the imperfect long-term guarantee mechanism. Therefore, based on the in-depth analysis of the problems and the causes, and combining the practice of the policy of returning farmland to forests, this paper puts forward that the spirit of the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee should be carried out. The law of returning cropland to forestry in Hebei Province was introduced to ensure that the existing benefits were brought into play and the investment of funds was raised in the later stage of returning cropland to forestry; the adjustment of industrial structure was paid attention to, the development of subsequent industries was done well, the level of upbringing, management and protection was improved. Perfecting project management mechanism and compensation mechanism, managing forest according to law, constructing forestry ruled by law, giving play to government function, providing long-term guarantee for consolidating achievements, and so on. The conclusion part summarizes the main contents and points of view, analyzes the deficiency of this paper, and puts forward the direction of further research. This paper holds that the policy of returning cropland to forest has made great contributions to the improvement of ecological environment and social environment in the area of returning cropland to forest, and the implementation of the policy has a direct bearing on the vital interests of the people returning farmland to forest. It is directly related to the harmonious development of local society. Based on the method of combining nature and humanities and taking Hebei Province as the scope of study, this paper analyzes the present situation of policy implementation of returning cropland to forest and is the innovation point of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.2

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