鲁迅杂文观的缘起、脉络与背景

发布时间：2018-10-19 10:58

【摘要】：鲁迅的杂文创作贯穿其文学生涯之始终,最初缘起于中华民族的"新生"之梦,五四新文化启蒙思潮是其走向杂文自觉的直接动力。鲁迅自幼深受浙东文化氛围熏陶、后来直接承领过章太炎教泽,存在着杂文写作姿态与文体观念的矛盾:经世致用的传统流脉与新文化热潮的召唤使其不能自已地书写"时文",但在文体观念上仍奉史学与小学为学问。时代的迫切需求与"偏要"的执着性格,使得鲁迅坚持杂文创作不动摇。由早期的杂感、短评等逐渐统一为"杂文",文体命名不仅依托于源远流长的中国文学传统,而且也同当时社会矛盾愈加复杂尖锐而小品却有闲适化与概念泛化之趋势有关。鲁迅不仅重视杂文的社会功能,而且认可其审美功能,他自身也把杂文当作艺术来创作,中国文学的发展实现了鲁迅的预期,杂文堂而皇之地步入了文学的殿堂。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun's essay creation ran through his literary career, and originated from the dream of "new life" of the Chinese nation. The May 4th New Cultural Enlightenment was the direct driving force for Lu Xun to move towards essay consciousness. Lu Xun was deeply influenced by the cultural atmosphere of eastern Zhejiang from an early age, and later directly accepted the instruction of Zhang Taiyan. There is a contradiction between the attitude of essay writing and the idea of style: the traditional circulation of practical use and the call of new cultural upsurge make it unable to write "Shi Wen" by itself, but it still believes in historiography and elementary school learning in the concept of style. The urgent needs of the times and the persistent character of bias make Lu Xun stick to the creation of essays. From the early miscellaneous feeling, the short comment gradually unified into "the essay", the style naming not only depended on the ancient Chinese literature tradition, but also related to the social contradiction more complicated and sharp, but also had the leisure and the concept generalization tendency. Lu Xun not only attaches importance to the social function of essays, but also recognizes their aesthetic functions. He also takes essays as art to create. The development of Chinese literature has realized the expectation of Lu Xun, and the literary works have entered the palace of literature.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学人文学院;
【分类号】：I210.4

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