基于感知觉分析的北京地区乡村景观研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 07:03

本文关键词： 北京地区乡村景观感知觉注意力时间知觉　出处：《北方工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市化进程导致部分乡村景观遭到破坏,保持乡村景观的本土性成为当今时代的一个重要课题。"美丽乡村"与"本土风景园林"景观保护及再规划需要适合乡村景观的理论支撑。本文以感知觉分析为切入点,在分析现有乡村分类标准的基础上,归纳出15个较具有代表性的北京乡村作为样本,对乡村景观进行研究,具体内容包括以下几个方面:1)针对样本乡村进行实地调研,从视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、皮肤感觉等角度解读样本乡村的景观特征;2)利用调研过程中收集的样本乡村的三种不同类型景观照片作为实验材料,对感知觉中注意力展开研究;3)对比研究北京地区样本乡村不同景观类型及城市景观对人的时间知觉的影响规律。本文所采用的研究方法如下:针对内容1)采用实地调查法、访谈法、问卷调查法、归纳分析法;针对内容2)和3)采用实验法,并通过SPSS分析相关数据。对于内容2)将不同类型的乡村景观作为自变量,将注意力水平作为因变量,探索不同类型的乡村景观对于注意力恢复效果的影响规律。在实验中,将注意力水平具体化为数字顺背倒背、Stroop测验及复愈性环境量表的成绩等指标。对于内容3)将不同类型的乡村景观及城市景观作为自变量,将人们对于10秒钟的主观判断时间作为因变量,通过E-prime软件驱动,推测人们对于不同类型景观的时间知觉。研究发现:1)从五感角度对样本乡村景观特征的解读具体包括:①视觉角度:从色彩、形状等角度记录可以代表样本乡村的景观类型;②在听觉、嗅觉、味觉、皮肤感觉等角度记录样本乡村的特征。2)在注意力的实验研究中得出:①乡村中的生产自然可以使人避开使用定向注意,有效的提高注意力水平;②乡村中的原始自然可以引发人的自发注意,使个体有充分思考的机会,使定向注意得到更好的恢复;③乡村中人工成分较多的景观环境可以让人感觉该环境中的景观很丰富,有足够的内容和结构;3)通过实验对比研究北京地区样本乡村不同景观类型及城市景观对人的时间知觉的影响规律得出:乡村中的原始自然对于时间知觉的影响是最大的,会使人觉得时间变慢了。本研究从视、听、嗅、味及皮肤感觉等多种感官的角度,勾勒出北京地区乡村景观的面貌,有利于为建设本土化的北京乡村景观提供参考;不同类型乡村景观对注意力水平影响规律的揭示,有利于人们更好的利用乡村景观恢复身心健康;不同类型乡村景观及城市景观对于时间知觉的影响,可以为乡村慢生活提供理论支撑。
[Abstract]:The process of urbanization results in the destruction of some rural landscape. Maintaining the nativeness of rural landscape has become an important task of the times. "Beautiful country" and "Native Landscape Architecture" Landscape protection and re-planning need theoretical support suitable for rural landscape. This paper takes perception analysis as the starting point. Based on the analysis of the existing rural classification standards, 15 representative villages in Beijing were concluded as samples to study the rural landscape. The specific content includes the following several aspects: 1) to carry on the field investigation to the sample village, from the vision, the hearing, the smell, the taste, the skin feeling and so on angle to interpret the sample village landscape characteristic; 2) using three different types of landscape photos collected in the research process as the experimental materials, the study was carried out on the perceptual attention; 3) A comparative study on the influence of different landscape types and urban landscape on human time perception in Beijing area. The research methods used in this paper are as follows: 1) Field investigation and interview method are used. Questionnaire survey, inductive analysis; For content 2) and 3) the experimental method was used and the relevant data were analyzed by SPSS. For content 2) different types of rural landscape were taken as independent variables and attention level as dependent variable. To explore the effects of different types of rural landscape on the recovery of attention. In the experiment, the attention level is translated into digital back and back. Stroop test and scores of recovery environment scale. For content 3) different types of rural landscape and urban landscape were taken as independent variables. People's subjective judgment time for 10 seconds is taken as dependent variable, driven by E-prime software. The study found that: 1) from the perspective of five senses to the interpretation of the sample rural landscape characteristics, including: 1 visual angle: from the color. Shape and other angle records can represent the landscape type of the sample village; (2) in hearing, smell, taste, skin sensation and other angles to record the characteristics of the sample country. 2) in the experimental study of attention, it is concluded that the production in the village of 1: 1 can make people avoid using directional attention naturally. Effectively improve the level of attention; (2) the primitive nature in the countryside can arouse people's spontaneous attention, give the individual the opportunity to think fully, and make the directed attention be better restored; (3) the landscape environment with more artificial elements in the countryside can make people feel that the landscape in the environment is very rich and has enough content and structure; 3) through the comparative study of the influence of different landscape types and urban landscape on human time perception in Beijing area, it is concluded that the original nature in the countryside has the greatest influence on time perception. This study outlines the rural landscape in Beijing from the perspectives of vision, hearing, sniffing, taste and skin sensation. It is helpful to provide reference for the construction of local rural landscape in Beijing. Different types of rural landscape influence the attention level to reveal the law, which is conducive to the better use of rural landscape to restore physical and mental health; The influence of different types of rural landscape and urban landscape on time perception can provide theoretical support for rural slow life.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU982.29

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