保温承重一体化生土材料的物理力学性能研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 02:08

本文关键词： 保温承重一体化强度导热系数　出处：《中原工学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了缓解建筑行业的发展所带来的资源和环境的双重压力,推进和发展低能耗、低排放、低污染的绿色生态建筑材料,人们开始重新审视“生土”这一古老而传统的建筑材料。发现生土是节能、环保、绿色的建筑材料。生土材料可以通过有机、无机或物理改性以及复合改性,制备出力学性能和耐水性符合要求的生土材料,但是保温性能往往随之弱化。为弥补不同增强措施对生土材料保温性能的不利影响,通过引入细小孔隙调整生土材料孔隙组成,或加入陶粒、珍珠岩类微孔粗集料改变生土材料整体的微观结构和孔隙结构,提高生土材料的保温隔热性能。本课题的研究既可以为农村住宅建设提供一种新的复合功能的节能墙体材料,又可以使具有悠久历史的传统生土建筑获得新生。本课题以生土为原料,调节水固比,通过植物纤维和无机胶凝材料对生土材料进行力学性能改性,掺加陶粒来降低生土材料的导热系数,从而制备出保温承重一体化的生土材料。研究工作取得如下主要进展:(1)通过改变拌合水的用量,研究水固比对生土材料力学性能的影响,并观察拌合物的和易性。结果表明,在水固比为0.22时,生土试块的抗压和抗折强度都达到最高,并且具备良好的和易性。(2)对生土材料进行物理改性,掺入黄麻纤维、甘蔗纤维、椰壳纤维等三种不同掺量的植物纤维,改善生土的力学性能。结果表明,三种植物纤维对生土材料的抗压强度提高不明显,却能大幅度提高生土材料的抗折强度,其中,黄麻纤维的改善功能尤其显著。(3)在物理改性基础上,对生土材料进行无机改性,通过掺入普通硅酸盐水泥、铝酸盐水泥、硫铝酸盐水泥等三种无机胶凝材料,改变掺量,研究其对生土材料的力学性能影响。结果表明,普通硅酸盐水泥对提高生土材料的力学性能最为显著,当掺量为16%时,生土试块的抗压强度达到8.2MPa,抗折强度达到4.0MPa,满足强度要求。(4)研究表明,对生土材料进行改性,虽然能提高生土材料的力学性能,却提高了生土材料的导热系数,导致其保温性能降低。(5)在生土材料改性基础上,加入页岩陶粒、黏土陶粒和粉煤灰陶粒,研究不同种类和掺量的陶粒对生土材料的热工性能的影响。结果表明,生土材料的导热系数随着陶粒掺量的增加而降低,黏土陶粒对改善生土的保温性能比较突出。当掺量为24%时,生土试块的强度和保温性能都能满足要求。
[Abstract]:Double pressure to ease the development of the construction industry brought about by the resources and the environment, and promote the development of low energy consumption, low emissions, low pollution of the green ecological building materials, people began to re-examine the "Earth" of the ancient and traditional building materials. It is found that earth is energy saving, environmental protection, green building materials raw materials can be. Through the organic, inorganic or physical modification and composite modification, prepared to meet the requirements of mechanical properties and water resistance of the material, but the insulation performance is often weakened. To compensate the adverse effect of different measures to reinforce the insulation performance of adobe materials, through the introduction of small pore adjustment material pore, or adding ceramsite, perlite microporous aggregate change the microstructure and pore structure of the material of the whole, improve the insulation performance of raw soil materials. This research not only for rural residential construction Energy saving wall materials provided a new composite function, and can make with a long history of traditional adobe building reborn. This subject to earth as the raw material, adjusting the ratio of water to solid, by plant fiber and inorganic cementitious materials on the mechanical properties of the material modification, to reduce the thermal conductivity of material mixing ceramsite, thus preparing thermal insulation integrated material. Main results were as follows: (1) research work by changing the amount of mixing water, to study the effect of water solid ratio on the mechanical properties of the material, and to observe the workability. The results showed that the water solid ratio is 0.22, Adobe block the compressive strength and flexural strength were the highest, and has good workability. (2) the material physical modification, the incorporation of jute fiber, sugar cane fiber, plant fiber coir fiber and other three kinds of different content, improve soil Mechanical properties. The results show that the compressive strength of three kinds of plant fiber material on earth do not improve significantly, it can greatly improve the flexural strength of the material, the jute fiber and improve the function of especially significant. (3) in physical modification on the basis of raw materials are inorganic modified by the incorporation of ordinary portland cement, aluminate cement, sulphoaluminate cement and other three kinds of inorganic cementitious materials, change the volume, to study its effect on the mechanical properties of the material. The results show that the ordinary portland cement to improve the mechanical properties of the material is the most significant, when the content is 16%, the compressive strength of soil reached 8.2MPa, the flexural strength reached 4.0MPa, meet the strength requirements. (4) study shows that the material was modified, although can improve mechanical properties of the material, but improves the thermal conductivity of the material, resulting in the decrease of the thermal insulation performance (5). In the foundation of modified raw soil material, adding shale, clay ceramsite and flyash, affect the thermal performance of different types and dosage of ceramic raw soil materials. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the material decreases with the increasing amount of ceramsite, clay pottery grain to improve the insulation performance of the earth more prominent. When the content is 24%, Adobe block strength and thermal insulation properties can meet the requirements.

【学位授予单位】：中原工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU521.3

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