基于LID理念的居住小区下凹式绿地改造规划研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 08:33

本文选题：低影响开发　切入点：居住小区　出处：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着城镇化的推进,城市不透水地面增加,城市原有的水文循环系统性破坏,导致地面雨水径流量增加,引发了城市内涝。我国学者借鉴国外低影响开发(Low Impact Development,简称LID)理念,提出建设海绵城市的策略,旨在通过低影响开发技术手段应对城市内涝问题。LID理念的核心是源头控制,旨在将大部分径流控制在排水系统的起端,从而减轻排水管网系统的压力。居住小区作为城市中重要的土地类型,是城市雨水排水系统的起端之一,在城市雨洪控制与利用中扮演重要角色,也具备相当的典型意义。文章以居住小区为研究对象,选取徐州市风华园小区作为实例,针对如何通过改造将原有绿地改造为下凹式绿地,提高小区防涝能力的规划设计方法。一方面计算了下凹式绿地的渗蓄性能:根据植物耐淹时间和雨水下渗公式计算溢流口高度的设计上限;根据年径流总量控制率和水量平衡模型计算下凹面积;根据溢流口排水性能和暴雨强度计算下凹深度及溢流口数量。另一方面,通过分析下凹式绿地形态及位置探讨下凹式改造区域的优先布局,通过分析改造区域布置的影响因素提出改造适宜程度等级,然后基于各类绿地的特征,指出居住小区下凹式绿地改造规划设计的布局原则。结合上述两方面的研究,分析各项因素的互相影响关系,提出居住小区下凹式绿地改造规划设计的流程。研究表明:溢流口高度的计算主要受植物耐淹时间和土壤渗透率的影响;下凹面积主要受溢流口高度和设计降雨量的影响;下凹深度则主要受设计暴雨强度、溢流口规格、溢流口数量的影响;下凹式绿地应优先以带状形态,靠近雨水管道和不透水地面设置;下凹式绿地改造规划设计过程中,各环节的参数指标确定的流程建议为:首先计算溢流口高度和下凹面积,然后确定下凹式绿地布局,最终确定下凹深度、溢流口数量、溢流口位置。文章基于下凹式绿地参数和布局,提出一套完整的针对居住小区的绿地改造规划设计方法,并从政策、实施、管制方面对下凹式绿地的建设工作提出建议。以期为相关研究和实践提供参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of urbanization, the impermeable surface of the city has increased, and the original hydrological circulation system of the city has been destroyed, resulting in the increase of the surface runoff of Rain Water. Chinese scholars draw lessons from the concept of low Impact Development (lid) in foreign countries, and put forward the strategy of constructing sponge city, which is aimed at controlling the source of the concept of "low impact development technology" to deal with the problem of urban waterlogging. The purpose is to control most of the runoff at the beginning of the drainage system, thereby reducing the pressure on the drainage network system. As an important land type in the city, residential areas are one of the starting points of the urban drainage system of Rain Water. It plays an important role in the control and utilization of urban rain flood. This paper takes the residential district as the research object and selects Fenghua Garden District of Xuzhou City as an example. In view of how to transform the original green space into a concave green space, The planning and design method of improving the waterlogging resistance of residential area. On the one hand, the seepage storage performance of concave green space is calculated: the design upper limit of overflow outlet height is calculated according to the time of plant waterlogging tolerance and Rain Water's infiltration formula; The concave area is calculated according to the annual runoff total control rate and the water balance model, the depth and the number of the overflow outlet are calculated according to the drainage performance of the overflow outlet and the rainstorm intensity, on the other hand, By analyzing the shape and position of the concave green space, the preferential layout of the concave reconstruction area is discussed. By analyzing the influencing factors of the reconstruction area layout, the degree of suitability of the reconstruction is put forward, and then based on the characteristics of all kinds of green space, This paper points out the layout principle of the reconstruction planning and design of the concave green space in the residential district, and analyzes the mutual influence relationship of the various factors in the light of the above two aspects. The research shows that the calculation of overflow outlet height is mainly affected by plant flood tolerance time and soil permeability, and the concave area is mainly affected by overflow outlet height and design rainfall. The depth of the depression is mainly affected by the intensity of the design rainstorm, the specifications of the overflow outlet and the quantity of the overflow outlet; the concave green space should be arranged in the form of belt, close to Rain Water's pipe and impervious ground; in the process of planning and design of the reconstruction and design of the concave green space, The process of determining the parameters of each link is as follows: first, calculate the height and area of the overflow outlet, then determine the layout of the concave green space, finally determine the depth of the depression, the number of the overflow outlet, Based on the parameters and layout of the concave green space, this paper puts forward a set of complete planning and design method for the green land reconstruction of residential district, and implements it from the policy, Some suggestions on the construction of concave green space are put forward in order to provide reference for relevant research and practice.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU985.125;TV213.9

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