无人机撞击混凝土靶过载测试技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 05:08

本文选题：无人机　切入点：撞击过载　出处：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本课题来源于无人机撞击混凝土靶试验项目,试验旨在收集撞击时刻靶体的应力和飞机的过载数据,为核电站防护壳和国家重要建筑物的设计提供理论依据。在碰撞时刻,飞机实时状态下的过载作为试验数据的重要组成部分,需要一套专业的测试系统来收集,因测试时飞机的动态性和环境恶劣性决定了测试有一定的难度。本文基于FPGA控制器利用大容量固态存储介质研制了一套适用于动态、恶劣环境的过载测试系统,旨在收集无人机撞击混凝土靶过程中飞机的过载数据,根据试验环境和数据精度的要求确定了系统设计指标,定位了系统设计的主要研究内容:试验的仿真、软硬件功能的实现、项目中的应用、实测数据的分析。(1)在试验的仿真部分,使用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件完成仿真,提取了无人机尾部的撞击加速度数据,并以此确定了所选传感器的量程;然后,分析了飞机前端破损区和后端未破损区碰撞混凝土靶时的过载数据,为后续实测数据的验证提供参考的依据。(2)在软硬件功能实现部分,针对测试时飞机动态的特点和数据高精度要求的难点,在硬件部分对主控制器和Flash存储电路做了重点说明;在软件部分对触发信号的消抖、数据缓存FIFO、FLASH的读、写、擦除控制及坏块检测进行了详细的说明,完成了高速大容量测试系统功能的实现。(3)在实际项目的应用部分,介绍了设备在模型机试验中出现的电路被烧、电池损坏、外部传感器干扰严重的问题,并设计了相应的解决方案,在改进后应用于第二次模型机试验,验证了解决方案的有效性;最后,将设备应用于无人机试验中,对比试验前后设备的工作状态,验证了过载测试设备在应用中的可靠性。(4)在数据分析部分,一方面,对设备内部和外部的传感器所测数据做了对比,证实了设备在试验中工作正常;另一方面,对比了实测数据与仿真数据,分析了飞机破损区和发动机区的撞击过载,验证了所测数据的合理性和正确性。
[Abstract]:This subject comes from the test project of UAV hitting concrete target. The purpose of the experiment is to collect the stress of target and the overload data of aircraft at impact time, and to provide the theoretical basis for the design of nuclear power plant protective shell and important national building. As an important part of the test data, aircraft overload in real time requires a professional test system to collect, It is difficult to test the aircraft because of its dynamic and bad environment. Based on FPGA controller, a set of overload test system is developed based on FPGA controller, which is suitable for dynamic and bad environment. In order to collect the overload data of aircraft in the course of UAV impact on concrete target, the system design index is determined according to the requirements of test environment and data precision, and the main research content of system design is located: simulation of test. The realization of software and hardware function, the application of the project and the analysis of the measured data. In the simulation part of the experiment, the ANSYS/LS-DYNA software is used to complete the simulation, and the acceleration data of the tail of the UAV are extracted, and the range of the selected sensor is determined. Then, the overload data of the damaged area and the undamaged zone of the front end of the plane are analyzed, which provides a reference for the verification of the measured data in the software and hardware. Aiming at the characteristics of aircraft dynamics and the difficulty of high precision data, the main controller and Flash storage circuit are described in the hardware part, and in the software part, the trigger signal is removed and the data cache is read and written. The erasure control and bad block detection are described in detail, and the function of high-speed and large-capacity test system is realized. The application part of the system is introduced. The circuit of the equipment in the model machine test is burned and the battery is damaged. The external sensor interferes seriously, and designs the corresponding solution, after the improvement applies to the second model machine test, the validity of the solution is verified. Finally, the equipment is applied in the UAV test. Comparing the working status of the equipment before and after the test, the reliability of the overload test equipment in application. 4) in the data analysis part. On the one hand, the data measured by the sensors inside and outside the equipment are compared. On the other hand, comparing the measured data with the simulation data, the impact overload in the damaged area and the engine area of the aircraft is analyzed, and the rationality and correctness of the measured data are verified.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V217;TU761.1

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