高密度电阻率法在边坡岩体结构探测中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 05:31

  本文选题：岩体　切入点：结构面　出处：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：边坡的岩体结构特征是控制边坡失稳模式的关键因素。如何有效地查明坡体内部岩体的结构特征?在没有平硐及丰富钻孔资料的情况下,物探和地面调查相结合是较为有效的手段。和其它物探方法相比高密度电法具有操作难度低、成本低、精度高、效率高等优势,在边坡深部岩体结构特性探测中的应用越来越广泛,但目前主要用于对地下结构体的定性解释,对结构面及岩体结构的定量或半定量解释研究较少。在这种情况下,基于高密度电阻率法建立一套针对边坡岩体结构探测的分析评价体系,显得非常紧迫与必要。本文以贵州马达岭煤矿采空区边坡岩体结构探测及澜沧江苗尾水电站倾倒变形边坡岩体结构探测为例,通过结构面电性特征、岩体破裂程度电性特征等研究,遵循定性分析与定量评价相结合的基本学术思想,建立了一套较完善的边坡岩体结构探测技术方法体系。取得的主要研究成果如下:(1)建立了一套适合具备一定规模的Ⅰ、Ⅱ类结构面高密度电法探测方法体系。通过数值计算,系统研究了结构面各主要参数与高密度电阻断面图异常之间的联系,提出了基于高密度电阻率断面图的结构面特征定量识别方法;(2)采用场地试验法初步建立了较为完善的基于高密度电阻率法的采空区赋存特征判别体系。选取完整采空区、坍塌充填采空区、充水采空区为试验对象进行对比分析,研究了高密度断面图中采空区的异常特征,初步建立了采空区定性判别标准;(3)结合岩体电阻率影响因素与工程地质条件,建立了岩体破裂程度评价的“破裂程度指标”△φ。根据岩体处于的不同工程地质条件,在水位以上岩体、水位以下岩体以及夹泥岩体三种假设条件下推导了求取“破裂程度指标”的公式方法,并以此对岩体破裂情况进行定量评价。(4)基于上述研究成果,初步建立了较为完善的基于高密度电阻率法的边坡岩体结构探测方法体系,系统阐述了探测方法和实施步骤。即:高密电阻率法是岩体结构探测中收集资料的基础手段,岩体结构面参数定量识别方法、采空区定性判别标准及岩体破裂程度指标的提出是岩体结构探测的基础,岩体结构探测方法的建立是核心,三者共同为一个有机的系统,构成了基于高密度电阻率法的边坡岩体结构探测方法技术体系。(5)以马达岭滑坡采空区及上覆岩体结构探测及澜沧江苗尾水电站倾倒岩体结构探测为例对基于高密度电阻率法的边坡岩体结构探测方法进行了具体应用。通过实际应用,研究探测方法实际效果与评价指标的实际状态,根据评价指标量化标准赋值。在这个基础上,采用定性分析与定量评价相结合的基于高密度电阻率法的边坡岩体结构探测方法对研究区进行了探测,探测结果与实际情况较一致。
[Abstract]:The structural characteristics of rock mass are the key factors to control the instability mode of slope. How to find out the structural characteristics of rock mass in slope body effectively? In the absence of adit and rich drilling data, the combination of geophysical prospecting and ground survey is a more effective means. Compared with other geophysical prospecting methods, the high density electrical method has the advantages of low operation difficulty, low cost, high precision and high efficiency. It is more and more widely used in the detection of structural characteristics of deep slope rock mass, but it is mainly used in qualitative interpretation of underground structure, but the quantitative or semi-quantitative interpretation of structural plane and rock mass structure is less. In this case, Based on the high density resistivity method, a set of analysis and evaluation system for slope rock mass structure detection is established. It is very urgent and necessary. In this paper, the detection of rock mass structure in goaf of Maoling coal mine in Guizhou Province and the rock mass structure detection of toppling deformation slope of Miaowei Hydropower Station in Lancang River are taken as examples. The study of electrical characteristics of rock mass rupture degree follows the basic academic thought of combining qualitative analysis with quantitative evaluation. A set of perfect technique and method system for detecting slope rock mass structure is established. The main research results are as follows: (1) A set of high density electrical detection method system suitable for class 鈪，

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