悬臂式螺旋起重机结构设计与力学性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 18:05

本文选题：起重机　切入点：丝杠传动　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：起重机作为货物装卸、堆放等用途的一种重要机械设备,广泛应用在我国各行各业。多数是应用在一些通用领域,不能满足特殊场合条件下的使用要求。某企业指出在熔炼过程中,通入低压大电流的电极棒会被不断消耗,导致碳棒电极变短,造成棒料末端与矿物接触不良、矿物受热不均匀严重影响冶炼锰金属。为此需要设计一种起重机来实现冶炼过程中可以随时调整电极位置。由于冶炼时设备处于高温环境,因此要求移动或更换电极过程简单、易操作。本文根据企业现有设备布局,选定合适结构设计方案。丝杠和蜗轮蜗杆作为主要的传动机构,对其进行设计与校核。在Pro/E中建立机构的基础模型,由于传统的蜗轮蜗杆建模装配后存在干涉情况,选择在KISSSOFT中建立蜗轮蜗杆精确模型,最终在Pro/E中完成两者模型装配。在ADAMS中导入刚体模型,并定义材料属性和相应的运动副约束。通过在ABAQUS中对丝杠的模态分析,得到丝杠振动固有频率及变形状态情况,结果输出柔性体模态中性文件(MNF)。将MNF文件导入ADAMS中,完成丝杠的刚柔模型替换后进行动力学仿真分析,求解得到丝杠的转动速度、位移、应力、应变等结果。考虑温度载荷对蜗轮蜗杆传动的影响,在ANSYS Workbench软件中对蜗轮蜗杆进行热力耦合分析,得到蜗轮蜗杆啮合传动时蜗轮的应力、应变分布情况。本文通过丝杠的刚柔耦合动力学分析,验证了柔性丝杠更加符合实际传动情况,其应力、应变的分布显示丝杠上下端连接处为危险截面区域。通过蜗轮蜗杆传动热力耦合分析,结果显示在啮合周期内起止阶段蜗轮的应力、应变较为集中,反映出温度对蜗轮蜗杆传动有一定影响。整体结构设计达到预期要求,满足企业的使用条件,获得良好实用价值。
[Abstract]:As an important mechanical equipment for cargo handling and stacking, cranes are widely used in various industries in China. Most of them are used in some general fields. One enterprise pointed out that during the smelting process, the electrode rod with low voltage and high current will be consumed continuously, resulting in the carbon rod electrode becoming shorter, resulting in poor contact between the end of the rod material and minerals, The uneven heating of minerals seriously affects the smelting of manganese metal. For this reason, it is necessary to design a crane to adjust the electrode position at any time during the smelting process. Since the equipment is in a high temperature environment during smelting, the process of moving or replacing the electrode is required to be simple. Easy to operate. According to the existing equipment layout of the enterprise, this paper selects the suitable structure design scheme, the lead screw and worm gear as the main transmission mechanism, carries on the design and the check to it, establishes the basic model of the mechanism in the Pro/E, Because of the interference after the traditional worm gear model assembly, the precise model of worm gear and worm gear is established in KISSSOFT, and the two models are assembled in Pro/E. The rigid body model is introduced into ADAMS. Through modal analysis of the lead screw in ABAQUS, the vibration natural frequency and deformation state of the lead screw are obtained, and the flexible modal neutral file is output. The MNF file is imported into ADAMS. After replacing the rigid and flexible model of the lead screw, the dynamic simulation analysis is carried out, and the results of rotational speed, displacement, stress and strain of the lead screw are obtained. The effect of temperature load on the worm gear drive is considered. The stress and strain distribution of worm gear is obtained by thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of worm gear and worm gear in ANSYS Workbench software. In this paper, the rigid flexible coupling dynamic analysis of lead screw is used to analyze the stress and strain of worm gear. It is verified that the flexible lead screw is more in line with the actual transmission, and the distribution of stress and strain shows that the area of dangerous section is at the lower end of the lead screw. The thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of worm gear and worm drive is carried out. The results show that the stress and strain of worm gear are concentrated in the starting and ending stage of meshing cycle, which reflects that temperature has certain influence on worm gear transmission. The overall structure design meets the expected requirements, meets the application conditions of the enterprise, and obtains good practical value.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH213.1

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