高层建筑外墙火蔓延阻隔方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 01:13

本文选题：FDS模拟　切入点：火灾蔓延　出处：《沈阳航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高层建筑火灾中的火焰和烟气一直是严重影响人员伤亡和财产损失的主要因素。因此,如何有效抑制火灾中的火焰和烟气蔓延是建筑防火设计的关键。本文基于前人的研究成果,试图以建筑外立面结构作为出发点,以数值模拟和实体火灾蔓延试验为支撑,分析、评价不同外立面窗口喷火的火灾危险性,以及外立面火灾蔓延控制效果,为建筑外立面防火设计提供参考。实体火自然蔓延试验表明:平面隔离带、凸型防火“挑檐”结构形式对建筑外立面的火焰蔓延均存在影响,凸型防火“挑檐”结构影响更为突出。实际应用中,建筑物外凸阳台、飘窗设计方案具有明显的火焰传播抑制优势。此外,本文还运用火灾模拟软件FDS模拟分析了建筑结构差异对建筑外立面火灾蔓延的影响,通过外墙区域温度分布的对比得出凹形、平面形、凸形结构形式对建筑外立面火焰蔓延的影响,用以判断是否可以阻止或者减缓建筑外墙火灾蔓延。经模拟分析发现3种不同建筑结构对外墙火灾蔓延控制效果:凸形平面形凹形,且其结构的凹陷程度越大,对其火焰控制效果越差。
[Abstract]:The flame and smoke in high-rise building fire have been the main factors which seriously affect casualties and property losses. How to effectively suppress the flame and smoke spread in fire is the key of building fire prevention design. Based on the previous research results, this paper attempts to take the building exterior structure as the starting point, numerical simulation and solid fire spread test as the support, analysis. The fire risk of different exterior facade windows is evaluated, and the effect of fire spread control on exterior facade is evaluated, which provides a reference for the fire prevention design of building outer facade. The structure form of "roof eaves" of convex type fire prevention has an influence on the flame spread of the exterior facade of building, and the influence of "roof eaves" structure of convex type fire prevention is more prominent. In practical application, the building has a protruding balcony, The design of floating window has obvious advantages of flame propagation suppression. In addition, the influence of building structure difference on the fire spread on the outer facade of building is analyzed by using fire simulation software FDS. The influence of concave, plane and convex structure on the flame spread on the outer facade of the building is obtained by comparing the regional temperature distribution of the exterior wall. Through simulation analysis, it is found that three different building structures can control the fire spread of the exterior wall: convex plane concave, and the greater the degree of depression of the structure, The worse the flame control effect is.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU972.4

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