施工升降机综合监控系统研究与开发

发布时间：2018-03-29 00:38

本文选题：指纹识别　切入点：红外感应　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：施工升降机广泛应用于建筑领域,其安全监测手段缺失和自动控制功能滞后的问题日益凸显,不仅危及生产安全,同时阻碍生产效率的提高。国内外企业、研究所、高校开展了一系列相关研究,但产品普遍存在功能单一、成本较高或智能程度不够等缺陷。本课题开发的施工升降机综合监控系统,以现场监控终端和远程监控平台相结合的体系架构为支撑,集成实现驾驶人员识别管理功能、超员超重监测告警功能、维修保养闭环监管功能、多主双向楼层呼叫功能以及智能调度自动平层功能,为施工升降机的安全监测和自动控制提供一体化解决方案。主要研究内容和创新成果如下:改进了驾驶人员识别管理机制,淘汰口令密码、1C卡等易冒用、可借用的传统身份验证方法,引入指纹技术加强对驾驶人员的识别管理,通过在施工升降机开机时刻和运行期间验证驾驶人员的指纹,杜绝无证驾驶现象的发生。完善了超员超重监测告警方案,基于红外技术设计了红外传感器阵列及其配套的人数检测算法,结合称重传感器,在吊笼启动升降前检测其载员和载重值,超限时及时发出图标和语音告警,杜绝违章驾驶现象的发生。创新了维修保养闭环监管模式,现场监控终端负责施工升降机的运行数据采样、故障诊断上报以及适时锁机控制,远程监控平台负责向现场监控终端有针对性地反馈故障维修指令并按计划发送定期保养指令,现场监控终端以短信的方式向维保人员手机发布工作任务,维保人员通过现场监控终端的触摸屏向远程监控平台反馈维保落实情况,由此实现对故障诊断与维修、保养计划与实施的强制性、全过程监管。设计了多主双向楼层呼叫装置,通过CAN总线实现不同层呼节点之间的多主通讯,利用2.4G模块实现层呼装置与吊笼主控装置之间的双向联络,按照"轻载优先、同向优先、就近优先"的原则选择呼叫吊笼,大幅提升楼层呼叫和吊笼响应的作业效率。提出了智能调度自动平层策略,利用光电编码器检测吊笼的位置和运行方向,利用称重传感器检测吊笼的重力,基于拉格朗日插值算法预算吊笼在不同运行方向和重力状态下的"制动距离",吊笼运行至目标楼层前"制动距离"处及时制动便可实现准确平层。最后,通过实验室和施工现场综合测试,验证了上述方案的可行性,各功能模块工作正常,系统总体性能稳定可靠,能够满足对施工升降机安全监测和自动控制的实际应用需求。
[Abstract]:Construction hoist is widely used in the field of construction. The problems of the lack of safety monitoring means and the lag of automatic control function become increasingly prominent, which not only endanger the safety of production, but also hinder the improvement of production efficiency. A series of related studies have been carried out in colleges and universities, but the products generally have some defects, such as single function, high cost or not enough intelligence. Based on the system architecture of the combination of field monitoring terminal and remote monitoring platform, the functions of driver identification and management, overload monitoring and warning, repair and maintenance closed-loop supervision are integrated and realized. Multi-main two-way floor call function and intelligent dispatching automatic leveling function provide an integrated solution for safety monitoring and automatic control of construction hoist. The main research contents and innovative results are as follows: improved driver identification management mechanism, By eliminating the password code 1C card, which is easy to be used falsely and borrowing the traditional authentication method, the fingerprint technology is introduced to strengthen the identification and management of the driver, and the fingerprint of the driver is verified at the time and during the operation of the construction hoist. To put an end to the phenomenon of unlicensed driving, the scheme of overloading monitoring and warning is perfected, the infrared sensor array and its matching number detection algorithm are designed based on infrared technology, and the weight sensor is combined with the weighing sensor. Check the carrier and load value before lifting and lifting of the cage, issue icon and voice alarm in time when the limit is exceeded, put an end to the phenomenon of illegal driving, and innovate the closed loop supervision mode of maintenance and repair. The site monitoring terminal is responsible for the operation data sampling of the construction elevator, the fault diagnosis and reporting, and the timely locking machine control. The remote monitoring platform is responsible for feedback the fault maintenance instructions to the site monitoring terminal and sending the regular maintenance instructions according to the plan. The on-site monitoring terminal issues work tasks to the mobile phone of the maintainers in the form of short message. Through the touch screen of the on-site monitoring terminal, the maintenance personnel feedback the status of maintenance implementation to the remote monitoring platform, thus realizing the fault diagnosis and maintenance. Maintenance plan and implementation of mandatory, the whole process of supervision. The design of multi-main two-way floor call device, through the CAN bus to achieve multi-master communication between different layers of calling nodes, The 2.4G module is used to realize the two-way connection between the layer calling device and the main control device of the hoist. According to the principle of "light load first, same direction first, proximity priority", the call cage is chosen. The efficiency of floor call and cage response is greatly improved. An intelligent dispatching automatic leveling strategy is proposed. The position and direction of the cage are detected by photoelectric encoder, and the gravity of the cage is detected by weighing sensor. Based on Lagrange interpolation algorithm, the braking distance of the cage in different running direction and gravity state is estimated, and the brake distance between the crane and the target floor can be achieved in time. Finally, the braking distance between the crane and the target floor can be achieved accurately. The feasibility of the above scheme is verified by comprehensive test in laboratory and construction site. Each functional module works normally and the overall performance of the system is stable and reliable. It can meet the practical application requirements of safety monitoring and automatic control of construction hoist.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH211.6

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